nota very accurate list ... cz there are millions ... these are the top five of those that come to mind:
1) jealous guy
2) purple rain
3) final cut (any / all)
4) feeling love
5) when a blind man cries ...
n.b. - could not resist - feelings, the way we were, lets get it on, most of the time, she breaks like a little girl, suzzane, creep, the starting roll of fever dog, free falling, to make you feel my love, crazy, pink, moonriver, im not in love, smooth operator ... and i guess i better stop somewhere ...
most of the times, i do alright
once in a while i get this feeling, of detachment. i always know but sometimes you feel it more than ever. its a kind of weariness. its a kind of longing for rest. for a finale. for somethijg, just that i dont know what. its just an overwhelming tired ness. a re-inforcement of the feeling i dont belong here. i have no one here. or there. or anywhere. no friends, really anymore either. and thats all i had. not literally, but my way. with the passing of childhood and the commencement of 'real life' something evaporates from friendship ... theres a sense of 'i' we develop which is opposed to its heart, its basis. i. ego. sense of self. but thats growing up, isnt it. slowly as we grow we seperate a sense of 'self' from a sense of a combined universe. maybe in early childhood as we are learning to do this or practising, we develop alter egos / other 'i's ... but like branches growing out of the same tree part to bear flower and fruit ... we seperate. but there is the grown up friendhsip too ... or le truc comme ca ... something like that ... the pair in white ... running through the snow. like the rat and the mole. (cant think of the third example - or more imp - quality i wanted to potray ;) and the shops bout 2 clse )
Life
if you stopped for a moment id tell you
i gave up a long time ago
if you looked at me now you'd see
im lost. totally
you've always, always been my friend
now you're a stranger, at the end
i've loved you. i've laughed at you.
i've hated you. been mad at you
but i never thought you'll turn to stone
that you'll become a stranger one day
when i took you so lightly
you always loved me
now i care desperately
and uve turned a stranger to me
its halfway through your time together
halfway through your pact with me
or is it now close to the end
am i standing at the end
dont leave now, life
i want to live a few more days
i gave up a long time ago
if you looked at me now you'd see
im lost. totally
you've always, always been my friend
now you're a stranger, at the end
i've loved you. i've laughed at you.
i've hated you. been mad at you
but i never thought you'll turn to stone
that you'll become a stranger one day
when i took you so lightly
you always loved me
now i care desperately
and uve turned a stranger to me
its halfway through your time together
halfway through your pact with me
or is it now close to the end
am i standing at the end
dont leave now, life
i want to live a few more days
and so it is chrsitmas ...
dont feel like writing. had a lovely day. roaming around town. its magical the way the whole city is lit up for christmas. the fairs, the people, the shops, the trees. spoke to chatts for ages. poor child. hope she's not broke. something funny is wrong with me. i havent eaten since yesterday lunch and im not yet hungry. i was the only one at the club today so i skulled after ages ... i still suck at it. somethings never change. could you specialise in failing? i muct be the global expert ;@)
my top five irresitable songs TO CHEER ME UP ...
1) elevation (u2)
2) need u tonight (inxs)
3) never to old to rock and roll (tull)
4) twisting by the pool (ds)
5) im too sexy (right said fred)
next up ... top 5 songs that really move you. can make you cry. can make you smile. can you make you fall into urself in memories, dreams and lost thoughts.
my top five irresitable songs TO CHEER ME UP ...
1) elevation (u2)
2) need u tonight (inxs)
3) never to old to rock and roll (tull)
4) twisting by the pool (ds)
5) im too sexy (right said fred)
next up ... top 5 songs that really move you. can make you cry. can make you smile. can you make you fall into urself in memories, dreams and lost thoughts.
got me on my knees
walked back from class with a post all set in my head about how horrible life was but i walked into the shop and heard layla on the radio ... been years. music is something i tend to forget how much i love.
if anyone is reading this ... what are your top five cheer up songs. the ones that go wham in ur face and make u forget what u were thinking. like the musical equivalent of bumping into liz taylor (she's my fav - u can substitute) or colin firth ;)
if anyone is reading this ... what are your top five cheer up songs. the ones that go wham in ur face and make u forget what u were thinking. like the musical equivalent of bumping into liz taylor (she's my fav - u can substitute) or colin firth ;)
Child
everyday i punish her
everynight i watch her cry
does it bring me a little closer
to forgiving what she's done
forgiveness comes but i cant forget
she haunts me day and night
i hate everything she is and does
i can never get away from her
everynight i watch her cry
does it bring me a little closer
to forgiving what she's done
forgiveness comes but i cant forget
she haunts me day and night
i hate everything she is and does
i can never get away from her
Battlefield
dead bodies littered on the ground
covered by the fog
i walk amongst them pick one by one
looking for my love
covered by the fog
i walk amongst them pick one by one
looking for my love
Dancing in the Dark
she dances in the dark
like a little sliver of the sun
she waltzes in the dark
her brown eyes full of fun
she cries in a corner
quickly before u see
she cries for everynight
ceaselessly. silently
like a little sliver of the sun
she waltzes in the dark
her brown eyes full of fun
she cries in a corner
quickly before u see
she cries for everynight
ceaselessly. silently
cold enough to snow
its cold! so cold ...
rowing was cancelled today. inspite of the race next week? cz the canal is frozen!
the leaves on the road are frosted with ice. i walked to the net shop feeling brave in my cotton tshirt and then i saw a guy in shorts. isnt it a crazy world ...
romeo said my greatest love that springs from my greatest hate ... so much in life feels like that at times as we sway between the two twins of love and hate and wonder ... is there any difference between them after all. i like writing on the blog. but i dont like people i dont like reading it and sending me questionable mails dripping sweet affection and tender loving care. few things more irritating than people u dont like being sweet to you and you having to grit your teeth and be sweet to them in return
its michelle's birthday. i dont know where she has dissapeared and where she is now but whereever you are michelle ... i hope you have a great birthday and a wonderful year ahead! i loved being friends with you and having you around while you were around. miss ur sharp comments and funny jokes and a lot more besides. Happy birthday Mich.
listening to higher love on the radio. its been ages since i heard that. the season, the cold, and everyone being home is coming together to make go mad missing home. or rather it makes me think of home oftener ...
home. a wintery cal. late nights singalongs at someplace with jinx. sharma's in the cold. bonfires on ballygunge circular road. a pre echo to the flames of dawn. parties. picnics. victoria in the early morning. book fair. the terrace at night. my pangla and pengli. sauce and chatts and ad. baba and ma. looking in on us as they left for their party ... all dressed up looking drop dead beautiful. weeks of excitement as people plan what they'll wear for new years. endless dancing. glittering clothes. breakfast at flury's. imagine if we were all home! always ...
thats the what I want. i want to live in a place like this. where theres ma & papa, and mummy and baba, and rahul bhaiya, adit, chatts and sauce ... everyone. live at home. with all my books and my movies and my music around me. music playing all day long. and me and my book all alone with my pots and pots of coffee all night. and may shouting from her room cz the coffee machine made a noise. or i dropped something looking for leftovers in the fridge. 3am is a hungry time. bokrakkhosh. bero ranna ghor theke. shaara raat khut khaat kore.
i found this online looking up "it is such a secret place, the land of tears" (the little prince), and maybe it was my mind frame at that moment ... but i was struck by them.
Love is a perky elf dancing a merry little jig
And then suddenly he turns on you
With a miniature machine gun
--Matt Groening
Whoever fights monsters should see to it
That in the process he does not become a monster
And when you look long into the abyss
The abyss also looks into you
--Nietzsche
The wonderful quality that literature has...
To give immortality to those special souls
That make a difference
--Maribel "Lunacy" Piloto
We would fly from sin in terror if we knew its nature
But it presents itself as a most desirable thing
--Oswald Chambers
Qui custodiet ipsos custodes
(Who will guard the guardians themselves?)
--Juvenal
The right to be heard does not include
The right to be taken seriously
--Hubert H. Humphrey
a flashback. i was thinking of this post last night ... night ships in the mist
rowing was cancelled today. inspite of the race next week? cz the canal is frozen!
the leaves on the road are frosted with ice. i walked to the net shop feeling brave in my cotton tshirt and then i saw a guy in shorts. isnt it a crazy world ...
romeo said my greatest love that springs from my greatest hate ... so much in life feels like that at times as we sway between the two twins of love and hate and wonder ... is there any difference between them after all. i like writing on the blog. but i dont like people i dont like reading it and sending me questionable mails dripping sweet affection and tender loving care. few things more irritating than people u dont like being sweet to you and you having to grit your teeth and be sweet to them in return
its michelle's birthday. i dont know where she has dissapeared and where she is now but whereever you are michelle ... i hope you have a great birthday and a wonderful year ahead! i loved being friends with you and having you around while you were around. miss ur sharp comments and funny jokes and a lot more besides. Happy birthday Mich.
listening to higher love on the radio. its been ages since i heard that. the season, the cold, and everyone being home is coming together to make go mad missing home. or rather it makes me think of home oftener ...
home. a wintery cal. late nights singalongs at someplace with jinx. sharma's in the cold. bonfires on ballygunge circular road. a pre echo to the flames of dawn. parties. picnics. victoria in the early morning. book fair. the terrace at night. my pangla and pengli. sauce and chatts and ad. baba and ma. looking in on us as they left for their party ... all dressed up looking drop dead beautiful. weeks of excitement as people plan what they'll wear for new years. endless dancing. glittering clothes. breakfast at flury's. imagine if we were all home! always ...
thats the what I want. i want to live in a place like this. where theres ma & papa, and mummy and baba, and rahul bhaiya, adit, chatts and sauce ... everyone. live at home. with all my books and my movies and my music around me. music playing all day long. and me and my book all alone with my pots and pots of coffee all night. and may shouting from her room cz the coffee machine made a noise. or i dropped something looking for leftovers in the fridge. 3am is a hungry time. bokrakkhosh. bero ranna ghor theke. shaara raat khut khaat kore.
i found this online looking up "it is such a secret place, the land of tears" (the little prince), and maybe it was my mind frame at that moment ... but i was struck by them.
Love is a perky elf dancing a merry little jig
And then suddenly he turns on you
With a miniature machine gun
--Matt Groening
Whoever fights monsters should see to it
That in the process he does not become a monster
And when you look long into the abyss
The abyss also looks into you
--Nietzsche
The wonderful quality that literature has...
To give immortality to those special souls
That make a difference
--Maribel "Lunacy" Piloto
We would fly from sin in terror if we knew its nature
But it presents itself as a most desirable thing
--Oswald Chambers
Qui custodiet ipsos custodes
(Who will guard the guardians themselves?)
--Juvenal
The right to be heard does not include
The right to be taken seriously
--Hubert H. Humphrey
a flashback. i was thinking of this post last night ... night ships in the mist
comments and names :)
i wud be so grateful if u didnt use my 'name' on my oh-so-anonymous blog? and the haloscan comments are on holiday. un fais une pause ;)
send me an angel
"I think of myself as an intelligent, sensitive human with the soul of a clown, which always forces me to blow it at the most important moments." James Douglas Morrison
have you ever felt without words. without wishes. empty? bereft? drained? three words so close yet so far.
when ur right at the edge and about to give - up he sends you the angels. how else do you explain it? coming across the book just then? staying up all night to read it? just the day after, i asked him to help me with it? when i said i just couldnt? its like 'the light'. one day i will write about 'the light'. comme j'ai pas peur presque. c'est quoi? i dont know. ur at the end. ur struggling. Just to hold on for a moment cz u think the next will be better and someone says something to make you laugh and the spell is broken. ur safe again!
and he's gone before u cold say thank you. or anything even remotely more intelligent than uh-uh-uh ... :)
is no company better than bad company? a little girl i knew had once said that to a grown up. when asked why she was sitting alone, at the open gate of a moving train. the other kids were in a compartment playing. she meant it. literally. but she didnt mean bad company - she meant bad for her. she was too young to realise that it was an insult. she just meant 'id rather be alone'. when she realised, she was so ashamed and so scared of having hurt them that she ran in and cut of her right arm being nice to the other kids to make up for it. but secretly, they still bored her. not in the insulting way but in an almost apologetic way. she missed her little place by the door, where she could sit quietly and think. think about life and death and Her and the old begger lady at the station and once in a while about 3 men in a boat - which made her laugh ...
have you ever felt without words. without wishes. empty? bereft? drained? three words so close yet so far.
when ur right at the edge and about to give - up he sends you the angels. how else do you explain it? coming across the book just then? staying up all night to read it? just the day after, i asked him to help me with it? when i said i just couldnt? its like 'the light'. one day i will write about 'the light'. comme j'ai pas peur presque. c'est quoi? i dont know. ur at the end. ur struggling. Just to hold on for a moment cz u think the next will be better and someone says something to make you laugh and the spell is broken. ur safe again!
and he's gone before u cold say thank you. or anything even remotely more intelligent than uh-uh-uh ... :)
is no company better than bad company? a little girl i knew had once said that to a grown up. when asked why she was sitting alone, at the open gate of a moving train. the other kids were in a compartment playing. she meant it. literally. but she didnt mean bad company - she meant bad for her. she was too young to realise that it was an insult. she just meant 'id rather be alone'. when she realised, she was so ashamed and so scared of having hurt them that she ran in and cut of her right arm being nice to the other kids to make up for it. but secretly, they still bored her. not in the insulting way but in an almost apologetic way. she missed her little place by the door, where she could sit quietly and think. think about life and death and Her and the old begger lady at the station and once in a while about 3 men in a boat - which made her laugh ...
quotes, recipes, stains, academic / application notes from websites
What is Cognitive Science?
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary study of mind and the nature of intelligence.
Scholars can come from a wide range of backgrounds -- including psychology, computer science, philosophy, mathematics, neuroscience, and others -- but share the common goals of better understanding the mind.
Training in cognitive science prepares students admirably well for many of the careers that are major growth fields of the twenty-first century, including: telecommunications, information processing, medical analysis, data retrieval, human-computer interaction, and education.
About the Program
Established in 1989, the Program in Cognitive Science at Indiana University brings together faculty from many departments to study cognition and information.
At present, 65 core faculty members and 38 associated faculty participate in the program. Representation is strong from the departments of psychology, philosophy, computer science, and linguistics. Other participating departments include biology, anthropology, education, library and information science, optometry, speech and hearing, and mathematics.
Cognitive Science at Indiana University offers many special strengths. The program is highly integrated, encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation between all the participating disciplines.
Along with the participating departments, there are also a large number of special groups, labs and research centers affiliated with the Program.
The Cognitive Science Program also sponsors a number of open forums to bring researchers together. During the academic year talks are given by researchers from around the world in our biweekly colloquium series. Less formal groups include the weekly cognitive lunch. The Program also sponsors national and international conferences. See our events schedule for more information.
The Program of Cognitive Science offers an undergraduate major (the B.A. in Cognitive and Information Sciences), and a joint Ph.D. Our undergraduate degree stresses skill acquisition, as opposed to a grab-bag of survey courses, and aims to foster the abilities that make students into scientists.
The curriculum also stresses hands-on, active learning, where students are both encouraged to participate in their own education and work with concrete examples. Undergraduate students will also be given opportunities to work in labs and join into research as earlier as soon as they enter the degree program.
Students will also find a faculty dedicated to teaching; a number of our faculty have received awards for their teaching, others have pioneered innovative teaching programs, and most importantly student satisfaction with past courses has been very high. Interested students are encouraged to write, email, or call us with any questions they may have.
Back to top
Contact Information
To learn more about our program and the opportunities we have, or for any other information, please feel free to contact us.
The Cognitive Science Program does not have a stand-alone PhD, but is considering it in the near future. For now, you must apply to an originating department. For more information about this, please check the graduate school website. Most departments have an on-line application. If you are an international student, your application must go through International Admissions. You should send a copy of the application to the Cognitive Science Program to let us know that you are applying.
To Contact the Department:
Send us e-mail:
cogsci@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-2722
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to us at:
Cognitive Science Program
819 Eigenmann
1910 E. 10th St.
Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47406-7512
To Contact the Director:
Send e-mail:
shiffrin@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-4972
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to:
Richard Shiffrin
Director, Cognitive Science Program
Psychology Building, Room 350
1101 E. 10th St. Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47405-7007
To Contact Specific People in Our Program:
See our people pages for the email addresses and other contact information for faculty, staff, and students.
Cognoscente email list
Cognoscente is a mail server account used for announcements of meetings, conferences, and colloquia. This list is not for discussion purposes or to send individual messages.
New subscribe and unsubscribe requests should be sent to the majordomo server at IU directly:
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The body of the message should consist of 'subscribe cognoscente' or 'unsubscribe cognoscente' (without the quotes).
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Cognitive Science Program, 819 Eigenmann, 1910 E. 10th St.,
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47406-7512 USA
Phone: (812) 855-2722 Fax: (812) 855-1086
Email the Cognitive Science Program
Comments
Copyright 2004, The Trustees of Indiana University
Copyright Complaints What is Cognitive Science?
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary study of mind and the nature of intelligence.
Scholars can come from a wide range of backgrounds -- including psychology, computer science, philosophy, mathematics, neuroscience, and others -- but share the common goals of better understanding the mind.
Training in cognitive science prepares students admirably well for many of the careers that are major growth fields of the twenty-first century, including: telecommunications, information processing, medical analysis, data retrieval, human-computer interaction, and education.
About the Program
Established in 1989, the Program in Cognitive Science at Indiana University brings together faculty from many departments to study cognition and information.
At present, 65 core faculty members and 38 associated faculty participate in the program. Representation is strong from the departments of psychology, philosophy, computer science, and linguistics. Other participating departments include biology, anthropology, education, library and information science, optometry, speech and hearing, and mathematics.
Cognitive Science at Indiana University offers many special strengths. The program is highly integrated, encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation between all the participating disciplines.
Along with the participating departments, there are also a large number of special groups, labs and research centers affiliated with the Program.
The Cognitive Science Program also sponsors a number of open forums to bring researchers together. During the academic year talks are given by researchers from around the world in our biweekly colloquium series. Less formal groups include the weekly cognitive lunch. The Program also sponsors national and international conferences. See our events schedule for more information.
The Program of Cognitive Science offers an undergraduate major (the B.A. in Cognitive and Information Sciences), and a joint Ph.D. Our undergraduate degree stresses skill acquisition, as opposed to a grab-bag of survey courses, and aims to foster the abilities that make students into scientists.
The curriculum also stresses hands-on, active learning, where students are both encouraged to participate in their own education and work with concrete examples. Undergraduate students will also be given opportunities to work in labs and join into research as earlier as soon as they enter the degree program.
Students will also find a faculty dedicated to teaching; a number of our faculty have received awards for their teaching, others have pioneered innovative teaching programs, and most importantly student satisfaction with past courses has been very high. Interested students are encouraged to write, email, or call us with any questions they may have.
Back to top
Contact Information
To learn more about our program and the opportunities we have, or for any other information, please feel free to contact us.
The Cognitive Science Program does not have a stand-alone PhD, but is considering it in the near future. For now, you must apply to an originating department. For more information about this, please check the graduate school website. Most departments have an on-line application. If you are an international student, your application must go through International Admissions. You should send a copy of the application to the Cognitive Science Program to let us know that you are applying.
To Contact the Department:
Send us e-mail:
cogsci@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-2722
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to us at:
Cognitive Science Program
819 Eigenmann
1910 E. 10th St.
Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47406-7512
To Contact the Director:
Send e-mail:
shiffrin@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-4972
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to:
Richard Shiffrin
Director, Cognitive Science Program
Psychology Building, Room 350
1101 E. 10th St. Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47405-7007
To Contact Specific People in Our Program:
See our people pages for the email addresses and other contact information for faculty, staff, and students.
Cognoscente email list
Cognoscente is a mail server account used for announcements of meetings, conferences, and colloquia. This list is not for discussion purposes or to send individual messages.
New subscribe and unsubscribe requests should be sent to the majordomo server at IU directly:
majordomo@indiana.edu
The body of the message should consist of 'subscribe cognoscente' or 'unsubscribe cognoscente' (without the quotes).
Only members may send messages to cognoscente. To send to the list, use a subscribed email account and address your message to:
cognoscente@indiana.edu
More information is available at the Cognoscente Information Page.
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Indiana University, Bloomington
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Cognitive Science Program, 819 Eigenmann, 1910 E. 10th St.,
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47406-7512 USA
Phone: (812) 855-2722 Fax: (812) 855-1086
Email the Cognitive Science Program
Comments
Copyright 2004, The Trustees of Indiana University
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When you are sorrowful look again in your heart,
and you shall see that in truth you are weeping for
that which has been your delight. ~Kahlil Gibran
It is such a secret place, the land of tears.
~Antoine de Saint-Exupery, The Little Prince
prophylactic
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary study of mind and the nature of intelligence.
Scholars can come from a wide range of backgrounds -- including psychology, computer science, philosophy, mathematics, neuroscience, and others -- but share the common goals of better understanding the mind.
Training in cognitive science prepares students admirably well for many of the careers that are major growth fields of the twenty-first century, including: telecommunications, information processing, medical analysis, data retrieval, human-computer interaction, and education.
About the Program
Established in 1989, the Program in Cognitive Science at Indiana University brings together faculty from many departments to study cognition and information.
At present, 65 core faculty members and 38 associated faculty participate in the program. Representation is strong from the departments of psychology, philosophy, computer science, and linguistics. Other participating departments include biology, anthropology, education, library and information science, optometry, speech and hearing, and mathematics.
Cognitive Science at Indiana University offers many special strengths. The program is highly integrated, encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation between all the participating disciplines.
Along with the participating departments, there are also a large number of special groups, labs and research centers affiliated with the Program.
The Cognitive Science Program also sponsors a number of open forums to bring researchers together. During the academic year talks are given by researchers from around the world in our biweekly colloquium series. Less formal groups include the weekly cognitive lunch. The Program also sponsors national and international conferences. See our events schedule for more information.
The Program of Cognitive Science offers an undergraduate major (the B.A. in Cognitive and Information Sciences), and a joint Ph.D. Our undergraduate degree stresses skill acquisition, as opposed to a grab-bag of survey courses, and aims to foster the abilities that make students into scientists.
The curriculum also stresses hands-on, active learning, where students are both encouraged to participate in their own education and work with concrete examples. Undergraduate students will also be given opportunities to work in labs and join into research as earlier as soon as they enter the degree program.
Students will also find a faculty dedicated to teaching; a number of our faculty have received awards for their teaching, others have pioneered innovative teaching programs, and most importantly student satisfaction with past courses has been very high. Interested students are encouraged to write, email, or call us with any questions they may have.
Back to top
Contact Information
To learn more about our program and the opportunities we have, or for any other information, please feel free to contact us.
The Cognitive Science Program does not have a stand-alone PhD, but is considering it in the near future. For now, you must apply to an originating department. For more information about this, please check the graduate school website. Most departments have an on-line application. If you are an international student, your application must go through International Admissions. You should send a copy of the application to the Cognitive Science Program to let us know that you are applying.
To Contact the Department:
Send us e-mail:
cogsci@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-2722
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to us at:
Cognitive Science Program
819 Eigenmann
1910 E. 10th St.
Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47406-7512
To Contact the Director:
Send e-mail:
shiffrin@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-4972
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to:
Richard Shiffrin
Director, Cognitive Science Program
Psychology Building, Room 350
1101 E. 10th St. Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47405-7007
To Contact Specific People in Our Program:
See our people pages for the email addresses and other contact information for faculty, staff, and students.
Cognoscente email list
Cognoscente is a mail server account used for announcements of meetings, conferences, and colloquia. This list is not for discussion purposes or to send individual messages.
New subscribe and unsubscribe requests should be sent to the majordomo server at IU directly:
majordomo@indiana.edu
The body of the message should consist of 'subscribe cognoscente' or 'unsubscribe cognoscente' (without the quotes).
Only members may send messages to cognoscente. To send to the list, use a subscribed email account and address your message to:
cognoscente@indiana.edu
More information is available at the Cognoscente Information Page.
Back to top
Life in Bloomington
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Cognitive Science Program, 819 Eigenmann, 1910 E. 10th St.,
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47406-7512 USA
Phone: (812) 855-2722 Fax: (812) 855-1086
Email the Cognitive Science Program
Comments
Copyright 2004, The Trustees of Indiana University
Copyright Complaints What is Cognitive Science?
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary study of mind and the nature of intelligence.
Scholars can come from a wide range of backgrounds -- including psychology, computer science, philosophy, mathematics, neuroscience, and others -- but share the common goals of better understanding the mind.
Training in cognitive science prepares students admirably well for many of the careers that are major growth fields of the twenty-first century, including: telecommunications, information processing, medical analysis, data retrieval, human-computer interaction, and education.
About the Program
Established in 1989, the Program in Cognitive Science at Indiana University brings together faculty from many departments to study cognition and information.
At present, 65 core faculty members and 38 associated faculty participate in the program. Representation is strong from the departments of psychology, philosophy, computer science, and linguistics. Other participating departments include biology, anthropology, education, library and information science, optometry, speech and hearing, and mathematics.
Cognitive Science at Indiana University offers many special strengths. The program is highly integrated, encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation between all the participating disciplines.
Along with the participating departments, there are also a large number of special groups, labs and research centers affiliated with the Program.
The Cognitive Science Program also sponsors a number of open forums to bring researchers together. During the academic year talks are given by researchers from around the world in our biweekly colloquium series. Less formal groups include the weekly cognitive lunch. The Program also sponsors national and international conferences. See our events schedule for more information.
The Program of Cognitive Science offers an undergraduate major (the B.A. in Cognitive and Information Sciences), and a joint Ph.D. Our undergraduate degree stresses skill acquisition, as opposed to a grab-bag of survey courses, and aims to foster the abilities that make students into scientists.
The curriculum also stresses hands-on, active learning, where students are both encouraged to participate in their own education and work with concrete examples. Undergraduate students will also be given opportunities to work in labs and join into research as earlier as soon as they enter the degree program.
Students will also find a faculty dedicated to teaching; a number of our faculty have received awards for their teaching, others have pioneered innovative teaching programs, and most importantly student satisfaction with past courses has been very high. Interested students are encouraged to write, email, or call us with any questions they may have.
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Contact Information
To learn more about our program and the opportunities we have, or for any other information, please feel free to contact us.
The Cognitive Science Program does not have a stand-alone PhD, but is considering it in the near future. For now, you must apply to an originating department. For more information about this, please check the graduate school website. Most departments have an on-line application. If you are an international student, your application must go through International Admissions. You should send a copy of the application to the Cognitive Science Program to let us know that you are applying.
To Contact the Department:
Send us e-mail:
cogsci@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-2722
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to us at:
Cognitive Science Program
819 Eigenmann
1910 E. 10th St.
Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47406-7512
To Contact the Director:
Send e-mail:
shiffrin@indiana.edu
Telephone:
812-855-4972
Fax:
812-855-1086
Write to:
Richard Shiffrin
Director, Cognitive Science Program
Psychology Building, Room 350
1101 E. 10th St. Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47405-7007
To Contact Specific People in Our Program:
See our people pages for the email addresses and other contact information for faculty, staff, and students.
Cognoscente email list
Cognoscente is a mail server account used for announcements of meetings, conferences, and colloquia. This list is not for discussion purposes or to send individual messages.
New subscribe and unsubscribe requests should be sent to the majordomo server at IU directly:
majordomo@indiana.edu
The body of the message should consist of 'subscribe cognoscente' or 'unsubscribe cognoscente' (without the quotes).
Only members may send messages to cognoscente. To send to the list, use a subscribed email account and address your message to:
cognoscente@indiana.edu
More information is available at the Cognoscente Information Page.
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Life in Bloomington
Bloomington Visitors Bureau
HoosierNet, a resource for local information
The City of Bloomington
Indiana University, Bloomington
Back to top
Cognitive Science Program, 819 Eigenmann, 1910 E. 10th St.,
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47406-7512 USA
Phone: (812) 855-2722 Fax: (812) 855-1086
Email the Cognitive Science Program
Comments
Copyright 2004, The Trustees of Indiana University
Copyright Complaints
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http://www.alwaysontherun.net/who.htm
When you are sorrowful look again in your heart,
and you shall see that in truth you are weeping for
that which has been your delight. ~Kahlil Gibran
It is such a secret place, the land of tears.
~Antoine de Saint-Exupery, The Little Prince
prophylactic
juste milieu
palliative
opiate
sedative
Sebastien-Roch Nicolas De Chamfort Living is a sickness to which sleep provides relief every sixteen hours. It's a palliative. The remedy is death.
oh! Grease again!
The key it so rub liquid laundry detergent into the area, and let it
set for a few minutes (about 3 or so) BEFORE putting it into the
wash. Air dry and take a look. It may take several times to get
t all out. Sudsy ammonia is a good choice, pour it on the spot,
let set then wash.
Beef Bourguignonne
Adapted from "The Good Housekeeping Step-by-Step Cookbook", edited by Susan Westermoreland (Hearst Books)
This is a classic dish in which beef is simmered in a hearty red wine. It's perfect fall comfort food. After simmering, the cooking liquid can be reduced to make a slightly thick sauce.
2 slices bacon
2 pounds boneless beef chuck, trimmed and cut into 1 1/2 -inch pieces
5 tablespoons all-purpose flour, divided
Salt and pepper to taste
1 to 2 teaspoons vegetable oil
1 large onion, peeled, sliced
2 medium carrots, peeled, sliced into 1/2 -inch pieces or chopped
2 cloves garlic, peeled, minced
1 tablespoon tomato paste
2 cups dry red wine
1 cup reduced-sodium beef broth
1/2 bay leaf
1 teaspoon salt
1/4 teaspoon pepper
1/4 teaspoon dried thyme
1 pound fresh pearl onions, peeled (see note) or frozen and thawed
1 teaspoon sugar
2 tablespoons butter or margarine, divided
1 cup water
1 pound mushrooms, cleaned, cut into quarters if large
Fresh chopped parsley for garnish
In a Dutch oven or large pot, cook the bacon over medium heat until it begins to brown; remove it and transfer it to a bowl.
Pat the beef dry with paper towels. Place 3 tablespoons of the flour in a plastic bag and season it with salt and pepper. Add the beef cubes and shake the bag to coat the meat with the flour.
To the same Dutch oven or pot the bacon was cooked in, add 1 teaspoon of the vegetable oil to the bacon drippings. Increase the heat to medium-high. Working in batches if necessary, add the seasoned beef cubes and cook them, turning often until the beef is well browned on all sides. Add 1 teaspoon more oil to the pot if necessary. Transfer the meat to the bowl with the bacon.
Reduce the heat to medium. Add the onions, carrots and garlic to the pot and cook, stirring often, until they are tender.
Stir in the remaining 2 tablespoons flour and cook 1 minute.
Stir in the tomato paste and cook 1 minute.
Add the wine, beef broth, bay leaf, 1 teaspoon salt, 1/4 teaspoon pepper and thyme. Stir until the browned bits on the bottom of the pot are loosened.
Return the beef and bacon to the pot and heat to boiling over high heat. Reduce the heat to low; cover and simmer 1 1/2 to 2 hours, until the beef is very tender.
Skim the fat and remove and discard the bay leaf. (Once the beef is tender, if you like, remove it using a slotted spoon and set it aside. Place the pot with the cooking liquid in it over medium-high heat. Cook about 10 minutes until the mixture is slightly reduced and is just thick enough to coat the back of a spoon.)
Meanwhile, in a large skillet, heat the white onions, sugar, 1 tablespoon butter and 1 cup water until the liquid boils. Reduce the heat to low; cover and simmer 10 minutes or until the onions are tender. Uncover, cook over medium-high heat, shaking the pan occasionally, until the water evaporates and the onions are golden.
In another skillet, melt the remaining 1 tablespoon butter over medium-high heat. Add the mushrooms and a pinch of salt and pepper; cook, stirring often, until the mushrooms are tender and the liquid evaporates.
Stir the onions and mushrooms into the beef stew and serve. Garnish with fresh parsley.
Yield: 6 generous servings
Per serving: 494 calories (41% from fat), 23 grams fat (9 grams sat. fat), 33 grams carbohydrates, 35 grams protein, 1,069 mg sodium, 111 mg cholesterol, 56 mg calcium, 2 grams fiber.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Buber, Martin--Philosophy, Tillich, Paul--Philosophy, Philosophers--Philosophy, Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm--Philosophy, Sartre, Jean-Paul--Philosophy, Camus, Albert--Philosophy, God--Proof, Russell, Bertrand--Philosophy, Atheism--Philosophy
Simone de Beauvoir, Philosophy & and Feminism
prince
art of war
in th nm
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
You are Gold Lion, who is rather serious and polite type of person.
You value personal relationships.
You suppress yourself and act to be a sociable person.
But you are really a person who doesn't like to loose to anyone.
You dislike emotional atmosphere and vague attitude.
You want to make everything clear-cut.
You like to stay in your own little world.
If you get in a situation where there are lots of people you can not express yourself and act as a perfect person.
You are not very subjective sort of person, unlike ordinary women, but unfortunately you lack soft and gentle atmosphere.
You tend to be too bold.
You cannot help but stretch your hand to those who are in need.
You are very kind person who helps the weak.
You are also weak on compliments, and will work enthusiastically after someone has given a compliment.
You will go about your duty steadily and loyally, and not get in a rush to achieve the objective.
You have perseverance, and will work effortlessly until you reach your objective.
Something that you have worked steadily for a long, long time, will turn out to be an asset to the world.
You are careful and rational, and therefore place value to steady life.
After getting married, you will be a devoted mother and a wife, but you are really a very dependent person, and prefer to keep your own little world.
I DO NOT LOVE THEE
- Carolyn Elizabeth Sarah Norton
I do not love thee! - no! I do not love thee!
and yet when thou art absent I am sad;
And envy even the bright blue sky above thee,
Whose quiet stars may see thee and be glad.
I do not love thee! - yet, I know not why,
Whate'er thou dost seems still well done, to me:
And often in my solitude I sigh
That those I do love are not more like thee!
I do not love thee! - yet, when thou art gone,
I hate the sound (though those who speak be near)
Which breaks the lingering echo of the tone
Thy voice of music leaves upon my ear.
I do not love thee! - yet, thy speaking eyes,
With their deep, bright, and most expressive blue,
Between me and the midnight heaven arise,
Oftener than any eyes I ever knew.
I know I do not love thee! yet, alas!
Others will scarcely trust my candid heart;
And oft I catch them smiling as they pass,
Because they see me gazing where thou art.
http://home3.inet.tele.dk/stadil/peanuts-end.htm
PEANUTS: 'A GREAT GIFT' by Bill Watterson
Comic strip cartooning requires such a peculiar combination of talents that there are very few people who are ever successful at it. Of those, Charles Schulz is in league all his own. Schulz reconfigured the comic strip landscape and dominated it for the last half of its history. One can scarcely overstate the importance of "Peanuts" to the comics, or overstate its influence on all of us who have followed. By now, "Peanuts" is so thoroughly a part of the popular culture, that one loses sight of how different the strip was from anything else 40 and 50 years ago. We can quantify the strip's success in all its various commercial markets, but the real achievement of the strip lies inside the little boxes of funny pictures Schulz drew every day.
Back when the comics were printed large enough that they could accommodate detailed, elaborate drawings, "Peanuts" was launched with an insultingly tiny format, designed so the panels could be stacked vertically if an editor wanted to run it in a single column. Schulz somehow turned this oppressive space restriction to his advantage and developed a brilliant graphic shorthand and stylistic economy, innovations unrecognizable now that all comics are tiny and Schulz's solutions have been universally imitated. Graphically, the strip is static and spare. Schulz gave up virtually all the "cinematic" devices that create visual drama: there are no fancy perspectives, no interesting croppings, no shadows and lighting effects, no three-dimensional modeling, few props and few settings. Schulz distilled each subject to its barest essence, and drew it straight-on or side view, in simple outlines. But while the simplicity of Schulz's drawings made the strip stand out from the rest, it was the expressiveness within the simplicity that made Schulz's artwork so forceful. Lucy yelling with her head tilted back so her mouth fills her entire face; Linus, horrified, with his hair standing on end; Charlie Brown radiating utter misery with a wiggly, downturned mouth; Snoopy's elastic face pulled up to show large gritted teeth as he fights the Red Baron--these were not just economical drawings, they were funny drawings. More yet, they were beautiful. Drawn with a crow quill-type pen dipped in ink, Schulz's linework had character in its quirky velocity and pressure, unlike the slick, uniform lines of today's markers and technical pens.
"Peanuts" could never be drawn by anonymous assistants, as so many other strips were and are -- its line is inimitable. The strip looked simple, but Schulz's sophisticated choices reveal a deep understanding of cartooning's strengths. I studied those drawings endlessly as a kid and it was an invaluable education in how comics worked.
Indeed, everything about the strip was a reflection of its creator's spirit. "Peanuts" is one of those magical strips that creates its own world. Its world is a distortion of our own, but we enter it on its terms, and in doing so, see our world more clearly. It may seem strange that there are no adults in "Peanuts'" world, but in asking us to identify only with children, Schulz reminds us that our fears and insecurities are not much different when we grow up. We recognize ourselves in Schulz's vividly tragic characters: Charlie Brown's dogged determination in the face of constant defeat, Lucy's self-righteous crabbiness, Linus's need for a security blanket, Peppermint Patty's plain looks and poor grades, Rerun's baffled innocence, Spike's pathetic alienation and loneliness. For a "kid strip" with "gentle humor," it shows a pretty dark world, and I think this is what makes the strip so different from, and so much more significant than, other comics. Only with the inspired surrealism of Snoopy does the strip soar into silliness and fantasy. And even then, the Red Baron shoots the doghouse full of holes.
Over the last century, there have been only a handful of truly great comic strips, comics that pushed the boundaries of the medium and tried to do more than tell little jokes as a relief from the atrocities described in the rest of the newspaper. Schulz did it all: he drew a beautiful comic strip, a funny comic strip, and a thoughtful, serious comic strip. For that, "Peanuts" achieved a level of commercial success the comics had never seen before. We should understand, as Schulz did, that the merchandising empire "Peanuts" created would never have worked had the strip not been so consistently good. How a cartoonist maintains this level of quality decade upon decade, I have no insight, but I'm guessing that Schulz is a driven perfectionist who truly loved drawing cartoons more than anything else.
I've never met Charles Schulz, but long ago his work introduced me to what a comic strip could be, and made me want to be a cartoonist myself. He was a hero to me as a kid, and his influence on my work and life is long and deep. I suspect most cartoonists would say something similar. Schulz has given all his readers a great gift, and my gratitude for that tempers my disappointment at the strip's cessation. May there someday be a writer/artist/philosopher/humorist who can fill even a part of the void "Peanuts" leaves behind.
palliative
opiate
sedative
Sebastien-Roch Nicolas De Chamfort Living is a sickness to which sleep provides relief every sixteen hours. It's a palliative. The remedy is death.
oh! Grease again!
The key it so rub liquid laundry detergent into the area, and let it
set for a few minutes (about 3 or so) BEFORE putting it into the
wash. Air dry and take a look. It may take several times to get
t all out. Sudsy ammonia is a good choice, pour it on the spot,
let set then wash.
Beef Bourguignonne
Adapted from "The Good Housekeeping Step-by-Step Cookbook", edited by Susan Westermoreland (Hearst Books)
This is a classic dish in which beef is simmered in a hearty red wine. It's perfect fall comfort food. After simmering, the cooking liquid can be reduced to make a slightly thick sauce.
2 slices bacon
2 pounds boneless beef chuck, trimmed and cut into 1 1/2 -inch pieces
5 tablespoons all-purpose flour, divided
Salt and pepper to taste
1 to 2 teaspoons vegetable oil
1 large onion, peeled, sliced
2 medium carrots, peeled, sliced into 1/2 -inch pieces or chopped
2 cloves garlic, peeled, minced
1 tablespoon tomato paste
2 cups dry red wine
1 cup reduced-sodium beef broth
1/2 bay leaf
1 teaspoon salt
1/4 teaspoon pepper
1/4 teaspoon dried thyme
1 pound fresh pearl onions, peeled (see note) or frozen and thawed
1 teaspoon sugar
2 tablespoons butter or margarine, divided
1 cup water
1 pound mushrooms, cleaned, cut into quarters if large
Fresh chopped parsley for garnish
In a Dutch oven or large pot, cook the bacon over medium heat until it begins to brown; remove it and transfer it to a bowl.
Pat the beef dry with paper towels. Place 3 tablespoons of the flour in a plastic bag and season it with salt and pepper. Add the beef cubes and shake the bag to coat the meat with the flour.
To the same Dutch oven or pot the bacon was cooked in, add 1 teaspoon of the vegetable oil to the bacon drippings. Increase the heat to medium-high. Working in batches if necessary, add the seasoned beef cubes and cook them, turning often until the beef is well browned on all sides. Add 1 teaspoon more oil to the pot if necessary. Transfer the meat to the bowl with the bacon.
Reduce the heat to medium. Add the onions, carrots and garlic to the pot and cook, stirring often, until they are tender.
Stir in the remaining 2 tablespoons flour and cook 1 minute.
Stir in the tomato paste and cook 1 minute.
Add the wine, beef broth, bay leaf, 1 teaspoon salt, 1/4 teaspoon pepper and thyme. Stir until the browned bits on the bottom of the pot are loosened.
Return the beef and bacon to the pot and heat to boiling over high heat. Reduce the heat to low; cover and simmer 1 1/2 to 2 hours, until the beef is very tender.
Skim the fat and remove and discard the bay leaf. (Once the beef is tender, if you like, remove it using a slotted spoon and set it aside. Place the pot with the cooking liquid in it over medium-high heat. Cook about 10 minutes until the mixture is slightly reduced and is just thick enough to coat the back of a spoon.)
Meanwhile, in a large skillet, heat the white onions, sugar, 1 tablespoon butter and 1 cup water until the liquid boils. Reduce the heat to low; cover and simmer 10 minutes or until the onions are tender. Uncover, cook over medium-high heat, shaking the pan occasionally, until the water evaporates and the onions are golden.
In another skillet, melt the remaining 1 tablespoon butter over medium-high heat. Add the mushrooms and a pinch of salt and pepper; cook, stirring often, until the mushrooms are tender and the liquid evaporates.
Stir the onions and mushrooms into the beef stew and serve. Garnish with fresh parsley.
Yield: 6 generous servings
Per serving: 494 calories (41% from fat), 23 grams fat (9 grams sat. fat), 33 grams carbohydrates, 35 grams protein, 1,069 mg sodium, 111 mg cholesterol, 56 mg calcium, 2 grams fiber.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Buber, Martin--Philosophy, Tillich, Paul--Philosophy, Philosophers--Philosophy, Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm--Philosophy, Sartre, Jean-Paul--Philosophy, Camus, Albert--Philosophy, God--Proof, Russell, Bertrand--Philosophy, Atheism--Philosophy
Simone de Beauvoir, Philosophy & and Feminism
prince
art of war
in th nm
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
You are Gold Lion, who is rather serious and polite type of person.
You value personal relationships.
You suppress yourself and act to be a sociable person.
But you are really a person who doesn't like to loose to anyone.
You dislike emotional atmosphere and vague attitude.
You want to make everything clear-cut.
You like to stay in your own little world.
If you get in a situation where there are lots of people you can not express yourself and act as a perfect person.
You are not very subjective sort of person, unlike ordinary women, but unfortunately you lack soft and gentle atmosphere.
You tend to be too bold.
You cannot help but stretch your hand to those who are in need.
You are very kind person who helps the weak.
You are also weak on compliments, and will work enthusiastically after someone has given a compliment.
You will go about your duty steadily and loyally, and not get in a rush to achieve the objective.
You have perseverance, and will work effortlessly until you reach your objective.
Something that you have worked steadily for a long, long time, will turn out to be an asset to the world.
You are careful and rational, and therefore place value to steady life.
After getting married, you will be a devoted mother and a wife, but you are really a very dependent person, and prefer to keep your own little world.
I DO NOT LOVE THEE
- Carolyn Elizabeth Sarah Norton
I do not love thee! - no! I do not love thee!
and yet when thou art absent I am sad;
And envy even the bright blue sky above thee,
Whose quiet stars may see thee and be glad.
I do not love thee! - yet, I know not why,
Whate'er thou dost seems still well done, to me:
And often in my solitude I sigh
That those I do love are not more like thee!
I do not love thee! - yet, when thou art gone,
I hate the sound (though those who speak be near)
Which breaks the lingering echo of the tone
Thy voice of music leaves upon my ear.
I do not love thee! - yet, thy speaking eyes,
With their deep, bright, and most expressive blue,
Between me and the midnight heaven arise,
Oftener than any eyes I ever knew.
I know I do not love thee! yet, alas!
Others will scarcely trust my candid heart;
And oft I catch them smiling as they pass,
Because they see me gazing where thou art.
http://home3.inet.tele.dk/stadil/peanuts-end.htm
PEANUTS: 'A GREAT GIFT' by Bill Watterson
Comic strip cartooning requires such a peculiar combination of talents that there are very few people who are ever successful at it. Of those, Charles Schulz is in league all his own. Schulz reconfigured the comic strip landscape and dominated it for the last half of its history. One can scarcely overstate the importance of "Peanuts" to the comics, or overstate its influence on all of us who have followed. By now, "Peanuts" is so thoroughly a part of the popular culture, that one loses sight of how different the strip was from anything else 40 and 50 years ago. We can quantify the strip's success in all its various commercial markets, but the real achievement of the strip lies inside the little boxes of funny pictures Schulz drew every day.
Back when the comics were printed large enough that they could accommodate detailed, elaborate drawings, "Peanuts" was launched with an insultingly tiny format, designed so the panels could be stacked vertically if an editor wanted to run it in a single column. Schulz somehow turned this oppressive space restriction to his advantage and developed a brilliant graphic shorthand and stylistic economy, innovations unrecognizable now that all comics are tiny and Schulz's solutions have been universally imitated. Graphically, the strip is static and spare. Schulz gave up virtually all the "cinematic" devices that create visual drama: there are no fancy perspectives, no interesting croppings, no shadows and lighting effects, no three-dimensional modeling, few props and few settings. Schulz distilled each subject to its barest essence, and drew it straight-on or side view, in simple outlines. But while the simplicity of Schulz's drawings made the strip stand out from the rest, it was the expressiveness within the simplicity that made Schulz's artwork so forceful. Lucy yelling with her head tilted back so her mouth fills her entire face; Linus, horrified, with his hair standing on end; Charlie Brown radiating utter misery with a wiggly, downturned mouth; Snoopy's elastic face pulled up to show large gritted teeth as he fights the Red Baron--these were not just economical drawings, they were funny drawings. More yet, they were beautiful. Drawn with a crow quill-type pen dipped in ink, Schulz's linework had character in its quirky velocity and pressure, unlike the slick, uniform lines of today's markers and technical pens.
"Peanuts" could never be drawn by anonymous assistants, as so many other strips were and are -- its line is inimitable. The strip looked simple, but Schulz's sophisticated choices reveal a deep understanding of cartooning's strengths. I studied those drawings endlessly as a kid and it was an invaluable education in how comics worked.
Indeed, everything about the strip was a reflection of its creator's spirit. "Peanuts" is one of those magical strips that creates its own world. Its world is a distortion of our own, but we enter it on its terms, and in doing so, see our world more clearly. It may seem strange that there are no adults in "Peanuts'" world, but in asking us to identify only with children, Schulz reminds us that our fears and insecurities are not much different when we grow up. We recognize ourselves in Schulz's vividly tragic characters: Charlie Brown's dogged determination in the face of constant defeat, Lucy's self-righteous crabbiness, Linus's need for a security blanket, Peppermint Patty's plain looks and poor grades, Rerun's baffled innocence, Spike's pathetic alienation and loneliness. For a "kid strip" with "gentle humor," it shows a pretty dark world, and I think this is what makes the strip so different from, and so much more significant than, other comics. Only with the inspired surrealism of Snoopy does the strip soar into silliness and fantasy. And even then, the Red Baron shoots the doghouse full of holes.
Over the last century, there have been only a handful of truly great comic strips, comics that pushed the boundaries of the medium and tried to do more than tell little jokes as a relief from the atrocities described in the rest of the newspaper. Schulz did it all: he drew a beautiful comic strip, a funny comic strip, and a thoughtful, serious comic strip. For that, "Peanuts" achieved a level of commercial success the comics had never seen before. We should understand, as Schulz did, that the merchandising empire "Peanuts" created would never have worked had the strip not been so consistently good. How a cartoonist maintains this level of quality decade upon decade, I have no insight, but I'm guessing that Schulz is a driven perfectionist who truly loved drawing cartoons more than anything else.
I've never met Charles Schulz, but long ago his work introduced me to what a comic strip could be, and made me want to be a cartoonist myself. He was a hero to me as a kid, and his influence on my work and life is long and deep. I suspect most cartoonists would say something similar. Schulz has given all his readers a great gift, and my gratitude for that tempers my disappointment at the strip's cessation. May there someday be a writer/artist/philosopher/humorist who can fill even a part of the void "Peanuts" leaves behind.
http://www.inf.ed.ac.uk/research/ianc/publications.html
http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/translation-english/
Quo Vadis is a novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz, describing the introduction of Christianity into early A.D. Rome (while under Nero's rule). It was published in 1895. This novel chiefly contributed to Sienkiewicz's Nobel Prize for literature in 1905.
External links
"Quo Vadis - A Narrative of the Time of Nero" (Project Gutenberg text online)
http://www.jump-gate.com/languages/french/french1.html
http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/French/Grammar/French-Conjunctions.html
http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/French/index.html
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=french+pronunciation&spell=1
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http://allrecipes.com/directory/926.asp
http://www.angelfire.com/country/fauziaspakistan/authenticbiryani.html
http://www.goodhousekeeping.co.uk/
http://www.goodhousekeeping.com/
http://www.heloise.com/
http://www.parsicommunity.com/ParsiCuisine/parsicuisine.htm
http://www.parsionline.com/20_parsi_recipes.htm
http://homecooking.about.com/
http://homecooking.about.com/
http://www.cameroncrowe.com/crowe_town.html
http://www.rollingstone.com/?rnd=1099412112048&has-player=false
Soundtrack: Almost Famous
Title: It Wouldn't Have Made Any Difference (Todd Rundgren)
Do you remember the last time I said
If I ever thought about lying,
I'd rather think of dying instead
And maybe you remember the last time you called me
to say we were through
How it took a million tears
just to prove they all were for you
But those days are through
'Cause it wouldn't have made any difference,
if you loved me
How could you love me
When it wouldn't really make any difference,
if you really loved me
You just didn't love me
'Cause I know of hundreds of times I could be
In the most unfaithful arms that you always picture me
And maybe you remember that
though I can't always show proof I was true
No one else could change my mind or
stop me coming home to you
But those days are through
You just did not love me enough to believe me
Enough not to leave me
Enough not to look for a reason to be unhappy with me
And make me regret ever wanting you
But those days are through
1hr marinate chicken,jeera lonka haldi ada rosun nn lime juice.tandur d chickenn.heat butter n addonon posto kaju n saute,add doihaldi n salt.remove frm fire n make paste of it.heat oil,addada rosun paste n garam masala n then add d previous paste,cook 15min,add chicken,cook till soft,addsaffron n cream n sserve with sprinkled keora water.read carefully b4 coking,sm items u ned twice egginger garlic etc,l
Time present and time past
Are both perhaps present in time future,
And time future contained in time past.
If all time is eternally present
All time is unredeemable.
What might have been is an abstraction
Remaining a perpetual possibility
Only in a world of speculation.
What might have been and what has been
Point to one end, which is always present.
Footfalls echo in the memory
Down the passage which we did not take
Towards the door we never opened
Into the rose-garden. My words echo
Thus, in your mind.
But to what purpose
Disturbing the dust on a bowl of rose-leaves
I do not know.
Other echoes
Inhabit the garden. Shall we follow?
Quick, said the bird, find them, find them,
Round the corner. Through the first gate,
Into our first world, shall we follow
The deception of the thrush? Into our first world.
There they were, dignified, invisible,
Moving without pressure, over the dead leaves,
In the autumn heat, through the vibrant air,
And the bird called, in response to
The unheard music hidden in the shrubbery,
And the unseen eyebeam crossed, for the roses
Had the look of flowers that are looked at.
There they were as our guests, accepted and accepting.
So we moved, and they, in a formal pattern,
Along the empty alley, into the box circle,
To look down into the drained pool.
Dry the pool, dry concrete, brown edged,
And the pool was filled with water out of sunlight,
And the lotos rose, quietly, quietly,
The surface glittered out of heart of light,
And they were behind us, reflected in the pool.
Then a cloud passed, and the pool was empty.
Go, said the bird, for the leaves were full of children,
Hidden excitedly, containing laughter.
Go, go, go, said the bird: human kind
Cannot bear very much reality.
Time past and time future
What might have been and what has been
Point to one end, which is always present.
II
Garlic and sapphires in the mud
Clot the bedded axle-tree.
The trilling wire in the blood
Sings below inveterate scars
Appeasing long forgotten wars.
The dance along the artery
The circulation of the lymph
Are figured in the drift of stars
Ascend to summer in the tree
We move above the moving tree
In light upon the figured leaf
And hear upon the sodden floor
Below, the boarhound and the boar
Pursue their pattern as before
But reconciled among the stars.
At the still point of the turning world. Neither flesh nor fleshless;
Neither from nor towards; at the still point, there the dance is,
But neither arrest nor movement. And do not call it fixity,
Where past and future are gathered. Neither movement from nor towards,
Neither ascent nor decline. Except for the point, the still point,
There would be no dance, and there is only the dance.
I can only say, there we have been: but I cannot say where.
And I cannot say, how long, for that is to place it in time.
The inner freedom from the practical desire,
The release from action and suffering, release from the inner
And the outer compulsion, yet surrounded
By a grace of sense, a white light still and moving,
Erhebung without motion, concentration
Without elimination, both a new world
And the old made explicit, understood
In the completion of its partial ecstasy,
The resolution of its partial horror.
Yet the enchainment of past and future
Woven in the weakness of the changing body,
Protects mankind from heaven and damnation
Which flesh cannot endure.
Time past and time future
Allow but a little consciousness.
To be conscious is not to be in time
But only in time can the moment in the rose-garden,
The moment in the arbour where the rain beat,
The moment in the draughty church at smokefall
Be remembered; involved with past and future.
Only through time time is conquered.
III
Here is a place of disaffection
Time before and time after
In a dim light: neither daylight
Investing form with lucid stillness
Turning shadow into transient beauty
With slow rotation suggesting permanence
Nor darkness to purify the soul
Emptying the sensual with deprivation
Cleansing affection from the temporal.
Neither plenitude nor vacancy. Only a flicker
Over the strained time-ridden faces
Distracted from distraction by distraction
Filled with fancies and empty of meaning
Tumid apathy with no concentration
Men and bits of paper, whirled by the cold wind
That blows before and after time,
Wind in and out of unwholesome lungs
Time before and time after.
Eructation of unhealthy souls
Into the faded air, the torpid
Driven on the wind that sweeps the gloomy hills of London,
Hampstead and Clerkenwell, Campden and Putney,
Highgate, Primrose and Ludgate. Not here
Not here the darkness, in this twittering world.
Descend lower, descend only
Into the world of perpetual solitude,
World not world, but that which is not world,
Internal darkness, deprivation
And destitution of all property,
Desiccation of the world of sense,
Evacuation of the world of fancy,
Inoperancy of the world of spirit;
This is the one way, and the other
Is the same, not in movement
But abstention from movement; while the world moves
In appetency, on its metalled ways
Of time past and time future.
IV
Time and the bell have buried the day,
The black cloud carries the sun away.
Will the sunflower turn to us, will the clematis
Stray down, bend to us; tendril and spray
Clutch and cling?
Chill
Fingers of yew be curled
Down on us? After the kingfisher's wing
Has answered light to light, and is silent, the light is still
At the still point of the turning world.
V
Words move, music moves
Only in time; but that which is only living
Can only die. Words, after speech, reach
Into the silence. Only by the form, the pattern,
Can words or music reach
The stillness, as a Chinese jar still
Moves perpetually in its stillness.
Not the stillness of the violin, while the note lasts,
Not that only, but the co-existence,
Or say that the end precedes the beginning,
And the end and the beginning were always there
Before the beginning and after the end.
And all is always now. Words strain,
Crack and sometimes break, under the burden,
Under the tension, slip, slide, perish,
Decay with imprecision, will not stay in place,
Will not stay still. Shrieking voices
Scolding, mocking, or merely chattering,
Always assail them. The Word in the desert
Is most attacked by voices of temptation,
The crying shadow in the funeral dance,
The loud lament of the disconsolate chimera.
The detail of the pattern is movement,
As in the figure of the ten stairs.
Desire itself is movement
Not in itself desirable;
Love is itself unmoving,
Only the cause and end of movement,
Timeless, and undesiring
Except in the aspect of time
Caught in the form of limitation
Between un-being and being.
Sudden in a shaft of sunlight
Even while the dust moves
There rises the hidden laughter
Of children in the foliage
Quick now, here, now, always—
Ridiculous the waste sad time
Stretching before and after.
4 hard-cooked eggs
1 large onion
4 Tbsps. butter or more
1/2 Tbsp. curry powder
5 Tbsps. flour
2 cups milk, heated in a small pan
4 to 6 Tbsps. dry vermouth or dry white wine
Salt
White pepper
1 - 2 tsp. minced fresh dill weed (or a big pinch or two of dried)
2/3 cup grated swiss cheese (or other cheese or mix of cheeses as desired)
Flake the salmon, and slice or quarter the eggs.
Mince the onion and cook slowly in the butter in a 2-quart saucepan
til limp. Stir in curry powder and flour. Add more butter if
needed to absorb all the flour. Cook, stirring constantly for 2
to 3 minutes.
Remove from heat and let cool a minute or so then blend in the hot
milk with a wire whisk. Return to heat and simmr, stirring
constantly, for 2 minutes. Add the wine, and simmer several minutes
more, stirring frequently. Season carefully to taste.
Fold the salmon into the sauce, fold in the dill, and taste again
for seasonings.
Spread hald the salmon mixture in the bottom of a buttered baking
dish and spread half of the cheese on top. Arrange the eggs over
the cheese and spread the rest of the salmon mixture over them and
cover with remaining cheese.
(The baking dish called for is 6-cup baking dish that is 2 inches
deep.) (The dish can be put togehter up to this point as much as
12 hours in advance. Cover tightly and refrigerate)
About 1/2 hour before serving, place dish in the upper third level
of a 400 F oven. Bake until contents are bubbling and cheese has
browned lightly (the time will vary according to the starting
temperature of the mixture, so after 10 minutes keep a close eye
on it). Do not overcook or the salmon will dry out and the eggs
will toughen.
===
http://recipes2.alastra.com/fish/gratin-salmon.txt
http://www.livescience.com/humanbiology/050929_brain_sleep.html
The compartmentalization might also help the brain's synapses,
which make all the connections that give us thought,
to take a break, according to Tononi's colleague, Marcello Massimini.
"This process would allow cortical circuits to eliminate noisy synapses and renormalize in order to be ready for the next day," Massimini told
LiveScience. The reduced activity might also help explain why
performance in various tasks improves after sleep, he said.
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/
Computer Science: MSc Computer Science (MSc CS)
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/postgraduate_msc_bioscience.html
MSc Computer Science - Bioscience Computing (link goes to external site)
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/research_groups_bio.html
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate-degrees/life-sciences/psychology/index.shtml
MSc in Cognitive Neuropsychology (jointly with Birkbeck College)
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/gr-degrees-2005/life-sciences/psychology/taught/index.shtml
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/gr-degrees-2005/life-sciences/psychology/taught/cognitive-neuropsychology/index.shtml
www.imperial.ac.uk
http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/universityguide/
profile/story/0,,486068,00.html
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate-degrees/index.shtml
http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/universityguide/profile/
story/0,,492901,00.html
www.ox.ac.uk
Comp Sci
1. Imperial College 82 6 5.00 5.00 10.00 4.0 9.00 3.00
2. York 81 6 7.00 5.00 9.00 4.0 10.00 1.00
3. Oxford 81 n/a 8.00 n/a 10.00 3.0 10.00 2.00
4. University College London 80 5 8.00 5.00 9.00 4.0 8.00 4.00
5. King's Col, London 79 5 7.00 6.00 8.00 4.0 7.00 4.00
6. Edinburgh 78 6 10.00 5.00 8.00 3.0 8.00 2.00
7. St Andrews 76 5 5.00 6.00 9.00 3.0 8.00 2.00
8. Cambridge 75 n/a 6.00 n/a 10.00 3.0 10.00 1.00
9. Glasgow 74 6 7.00 5.00 8.00 4.0 7.00 1.00
10. Bristol 73 6 6.00 4.00 9.00 4.0 8.00 1.00
http://www.corante.com/brainwaves/
http://cogprints.org/view/year/2005.html
http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/cogsci.html
http://www.mindhacks.com/index.rdf
http://cognitrn.psych.indiana.edu/rgoldsto/cogsci/classics.html
===
Queen's University Belfast: Institute of Cognition and Culture Belfast
Cambridge University: MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit Cambridge
University of Birmingham: Psychology Edbaston
University of Edinburgh: Division of Informatics Edinburgh
University of Exeter: School of Psychology Exeter
University of Sussex: Cognitive and Computer Sciences Falmer
University College London: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience London
King's College London: Institute of Psychiatry-Neuroscience London
King's College London: School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience London
University of Oxford: Graduate Center for Biosciences Oxford
http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/translation-english/
Quo Vadis is a novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz, describing the introduction of Christianity into early A.D. Rome (while under Nero's rule). It was published in 1895. This novel chiefly contributed to Sienkiewicz's Nobel Prize for literature in 1905.
External links
"Quo Vadis - A Narrative of the Time of Nero" (Project Gutenberg text online)
http://www.jump-gate.com/languages/french/french1.html
http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/French/Grammar/French-Conjunctions.html
http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/French/index.html
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=french+pronunciation&spell=1
http://globegate.utm.edu/french/globegate_mirror/oral.html
http://flan.utsa.edu/french_class/pronunciation/prinpron.htm
http://www.ifecosse.org.uk/Site%20fran%E7ais/welcome.htm
http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/translation-english/
http://www.laits.utexas.edu/tex/
http://photobiker.com/index.html
http://www.questia.com/
http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/blogbuilder/sysadmin/registerForBlog.spr
http://www.sonymusic.co.in/storeloc/storeloc.asp?cookie%5Ftest=1
http://www.sonymusic.co.in/storeloc/storeloc.asp?cookie%5Ftest=1
http://www.landmarkonthenet.com/home.html
http://www.pentrace.com/penbase/Data_Returns/full_article.asp?id=271
http://allrecipes.com/advice/coll/all/articles/577P1.asp
http://www.dotparagon.com/resources/color.html
http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=history+gaelic+norse+celtic+angles
http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/libraries/
http://www.constitution.org/mac/prince00.htm
http://www.number2.com/index.cfm
http://allrecipes.com/directory/926.asp
http://www.angelfire.com/country/fauziaspakistan/authenticbiryani.html
http://www.goodhousekeeping.co.uk/
http://www.goodhousekeeping.com/
http://www.heloise.com/
http://www.parsicommunity.com/ParsiCuisine/parsicuisine.htm
http://www.parsionline.com/20_parsi_recipes.htm
http://homecooking.about.com/
http://homecooking.about.com/
Tuesday, November 02, 2004
http://www.constitution.org/mac/prince00.htmhttp://www.cameroncrowe.com/crowe_town.html
http://www.rollingstone.com/?rnd=1099412112048&has-player=false
Soundtrack: Almost Famous
Title: It Wouldn't Have Made Any Difference (Todd Rundgren)
Do you remember the last time I said
If I ever thought about lying,
I'd rather think of dying instead
And maybe you remember the last time you called me
to say we were through
How it took a million tears
just to prove they all were for you
But those days are through
'Cause it wouldn't have made any difference,
if you loved me
How could you love me
When it wouldn't really make any difference,
if you really loved me
You just didn't love me
'Cause I know of hundreds of times I could be
In the most unfaithful arms that you always picture me
And maybe you remember that
though I can't always show proof I was true
No one else could change my mind or
stop me coming home to you
But those days are through
You just did not love me enough to believe me
Enough not to leave me
Enough not to look for a reason to be unhappy with me
And make me regret ever wanting you
But those days are through
ma: recipe's
murg jaffrani---120gms boneless chicken-4pcs,100gm kaju,50gms chaarmagaj-indian shop e pabi,100gm garam masala gurro,25 posto,20 gm chilli powder,100gm onion paste,15gm ginger paste,10gm garlic paste,100gms doi,15gmjeera,5gms haldi,100gm oil,50 gm crem,50gm butter, lemon juice n pinch of saffron n keora water little-few drops.1hr marinate chicken,jeera lonka haldi ada rosun nn lime juice.tandur d chickenn.heat butter n addonon posto kaju n saute,add doihaldi n salt.remove frm fire n make paste of it.heat oil,addada rosun paste n garam masala n then add d previous paste,cook 15min,add chicken,cook till soft,addsaffron n cream n sserve with sprinkled keora water.read carefully b4 coking,sm items u ned twice egginger garlic etc,l
Thursday, October 28, 2004
poem - transfer to serendib
ITime present and time past
Are both perhaps present in time future,
And time future contained in time past.
If all time is eternally present
All time is unredeemable.
What might have been is an abstraction
Remaining a perpetual possibility
Only in a world of speculation.
What might have been and what has been
Point to one end, which is always present.
Footfalls echo in the memory
Down the passage which we did not take
Towards the door we never opened
Into the rose-garden. My words echo
Thus, in your mind.
But to what purpose
Disturbing the dust on a bowl of rose-leaves
I do not know.
Other echoes
Inhabit the garden. Shall we follow?
Quick, said the bird, find them, find them,
Round the corner. Through the first gate,
Into our first world, shall we follow
The deception of the thrush? Into our first world.
There they were, dignified, invisible,
Moving without pressure, over the dead leaves,
In the autumn heat, through the vibrant air,
And the bird called, in response to
The unheard music hidden in the shrubbery,
And the unseen eyebeam crossed, for the roses
Had the look of flowers that are looked at.
There they were as our guests, accepted and accepting.
So we moved, and they, in a formal pattern,
Along the empty alley, into the box circle,
To look down into the drained pool.
Dry the pool, dry concrete, brown edged,
And the pool was filled with water out of sunlight,
And the lotos rose, quietly, quietly,
The surface glittered out of heart of light,
And they were behind us, reflected in the pool.
Then a cloud passed, and the pool was empty.
Go, said the bird, for the leaves were full of children,
Hidden excitedly, containing laughter.
Go, go, go, said the bird: human kind
Cannot bear very much reality.
Time past and time future
What might have been and what has been
Point to one end, which is always present.
II
Garlic and sapphires in the mud
Clot the bedded axle-tree.
The trilling wire in the blood
Sings below inveterate scars
Appeasing long forgotten wars.
The dance along the artery
The circulation of the lymph
Are figured in the drift of stars
Ascend to summer in the tree
We move above the moving tree
In light upon the figured leaf
And hear upon the sodden floor
Below, the boarhound and the boar
Pursue their pattern as before
But reconciled among the stars.
At the still point of the turning world. Neither flesh nor fleshless;
Neither from nor towards; at the still point, there the dance is,
But neither arrest nor movement. And do not call it fixity,
Where past and future are gathered. Neither movement from nor towards,
Neither ascent nor decline. Except for the point, the still point,
There would be no dance, and there is only the dance.
I can only say, there we have been: but I cannot say where.
And I cannot say, how long, for that is to place it in time.
The inner freedom from the practical desire,
The release from action and suffering, release from the inner
And the outer compulsion, yet surrounded
By a grace of sense, a white light still and moving,
Erhebung without motion, concentration
Without elimination, both a new world
And the old made explicit, understood
In the completion of its partial ecstasy,
The resolution of its partial horror.
Yet the enchainment of past and future
Woven in the weakness of the changing body,
Protects mankind from heaven and damnation
Which flesh cannot endure.
Time past and time future
Allow but a little consciousness.
To be conscious is not to be in time
But only in time can the moment in the rose-garden,
The moment in the arbour where the rain beat,
The moment in the draughty church at smokefall
Be remembered; involved with past and future.
Only through time time is conquered.
III
Here is a place of disaffection
Time before and time after
In a dim light: neither daylight
Investing form with lucid stillness
Turning shadow into transient beauty
With slow rotation suggesting permanence
Nor darkness to purify the soul
Emptying the sensual with deprivation
Cleansing affection from the temporal.
Neither plenitude nor vacancy. Only a flicker
Over the strained time-ridden faces
Distracted from distraction by distraction
Filled with fancies and empty of meaning
Tumid apathy with no concentration
Men and bits of paper, whirled by the cold wind
That blows before and after time,
Wind in and out of unwholesome lungs
Time before and time after.
Eructation of unhealthy souls
Into the faded air, the torpid
Driven on the wind that sweeps the gloomy hills of London,
Hampstead and Clerkenwell, Campden and Putney,
Highgate, Primrose and Ludgate. Not here
Not here the darkness, in this twittering world.
Descend lower, descend only
Into the world of perpetual solitude,
World not world, but that which is not world,
Internal darkness, deprivation
And destitution of all property,
Desiccation of the world of sense,
Evacuation of the world of fancy,
Inoperancy of the world of spirit;
This is the one way, and the other
Is the same, not in movement
But abstention from movement; while the world moves
In appetency, on its metalled ways
Of time past and time future.
IV
Time and the bell have buried the day,
The black cloud carries the sun away.
Will the sunflower turn to us, will the clematis
Stray down, bend to us; tendril and spray
Clutch and cling?
Chill
Fingers of yew be curled
Down on us? After the kingfisher's wing
Has answered light to light, and is silent, the light is still
At the still point of the turning world.
V
Words move, music moves
Only in time; but that which is only living
Can only die. Words, after speech, reach
Into the silence. Only by the form, the pattern,
Can words or music reach
The stillness, as a Chinese jar still
Moves perpetually in its stillness.
Not the stillness of the violin, while the note lasts,
Not that only, but the co-existence,
Or say that the end precedes the beginning,
And the end and the beginning were always there
Before the beginning and after the end.
And all is always now. Words strain,
Crack and sometimes break, under the burden,
Under the tension, slip, slide, perish,
Decay with imprecision, will not stay in place,
Will not stay still. Shrieking voices
Scolding, mocking, or merely chattering,
Always assail them. The Word in the desert
Is most attacked by voices of temptation,
The crying shadow in the funeral dance,
The loud lament of the disconsolate chimera.
The detail of the pattern is movement,
As in the figure of the ten stairs.
Desire itself is movement
Not in itself desirable;
Love is itself unmoving,
Only the cause and end of movement,
Timeless, and undesiring
Except in the aspect of time
Caught in the form of limitation
Between un-being and being.
Sudden in a shaft of sunlight
Even while the dust moves
There rises the hidden laughter
Of children in the foliage
Quick now, here, now, always—
Ridiculous the waste sad time
Stretching before and after.
Gratin of Poached Salmon
2 poached salmon steaks (or about 2 cups of salmon cooked any other way)4 hard-cooked eggs
1 large onion
4 Tbsps. butter or more
1/2 Tbsp. curry powder
5 Tbsps. flour
2 cups milk, heated in a small pan
4 to 6 Tbsps. dry vermouth or dry white wine
Salt
White pepper
1 - 2 tsp. minced fresh dill weed (or a big pinch or two of dried)
2/3 cup grated swiss cheese (or other cheese or mix of cheeses as desired)
Flake the salmon, and slice or quarter the eggs.
Mince the onion and cook slowly in the butter in a 2-quart saucepan
til limp. Stir in curry powder and flour. Add more butter if
needed to absorb all the flour. Cook, stirring constantly for 2
to 3 minutes.
Remove from heat and let cool a minute or so then blend in the hot
milk with a wire whisk. Return to heat and simmr, stirring
constantly, for 2 minutes. Add the wine, and simmer several minutes
more, stirring frequently. Season carefully to taste.
Fold the salmon into the sauce, fold in the dill, and taste again
for seasonings.
Spread hald the salmon mixture in the bottom of a buttered baking
dish and spread half of the cheese on top. Arrange the eggs over
the cheese and spread the rest of the salmon mixture over them and
cover with remaining cheese.
(The baking dish called for is 6-cup baking dish that is 2 inches
deep.) (The dish can be put togehter up to this point as much as
12 hours in advance. Cover tightly and refrigerate)
About 1/2 hour before serving, place dish in the upper third level
of a 400 F oven. Bake until contents are bubbling and cheese has
browned lightly (the time will vary according to the starting
temperature of the mixture, so after 10 minutes keep a close eye
on it). Do not overcook or the salmon will dry out and the eggs
will toughen.
===
http://recipes2.alastra.com/fish/gratin-salmon.txt
notes - cognition
Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogieshttp://www.livescience.com/humanbiology/050929_brain_sleep.html
The compartmentalization might also help the brain's synapses,
which make all the connections that give us thought,
to take a break, according to Tononi's colleague, Marcello Massimini.
"This process would allow cortical circuits to eliminate noisy synapses and renormalize in order to be ready for the next day," Massimini told
LiveScience. The reduced activity might also help explain why
performance in various tasks improves after sleep, he said.
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/
Computer Science: MSc Computer Science (MSc CS)
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/postgraduate_msc_bioscience.html
MSc Computer Science - Bioscience Computing (link goes to external site)
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/research_groups_bio.html
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate-degrees/life-sciences/psychology/index.shtml
MSc in Cognitive Neuropsychology (jointly with Birkbeck College)
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/gr-degrees-2005/life-sciences/psychology/taught/index.shtml
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/gr-degrees-2005/life-sciences/psychology/taught/cognitive-neuropsychology/index.shtml
www.imperial.ac.uk
http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/universityguide/
profile/story/0,,486068,00.html
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate-degrees/index.shtml
http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/universityguide/profile/
story/0,,492901,00.html
www.ox.ac.uk
Comp Sci
1. Imperial College 82 6 5.00 5.00 10.00 4.0 9.00 3.00
2. York 81 6 7.00 5.00 9.00 4.0 10.00 1.00
3. Oxford 81 n/a 8.00 n/a 10.00 3.0 10.00 2.00
4. University College London 80 5 8.00 5.00 9.00 4.0 8.00 4.00
5. King's Col, London 79 5 7.00 6.00 8.00 4.0 7.00 4.00
6. Edinburgh 78 6 10.00 5.00 8.00 3.0 8.00 2.00
7. St Andrews 76 5 5.00 6.00 9.00 3.0 8.00 2.00
8. Cambridge 75 n/a 6.00 n/a 10.00 3.0 10.00 1.00
9. Glasgow 74 6 7.00 5.00 8.00 4.0 7.00 1.00
10. Bristol 73 6 6.00 4.00 9.00 4.0 8.00 1.00
http://www.corante.com/brainwaves/
http://cogprints.org/view/year/2005.html
http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/cogsci.html
http://www.mindhacks.com/index.rdf
http://cognitrn.psych.indiana.edu/rgoldsto/cogsci/classics.html
===
Queen's University Belfast: Institute of Cognition and Culture Belfast
Cambridge University: MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit Cambridge
University of Birmingham: Psychology Edbaston
University of Edinburgh: Division of Informatics Edinburgh
University of Exeter: School of Psychology Exeter
University of Sussex: Cognitive and Computer Sciences Falmer
University College London: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience London
King's College London: Institute of Psychiatry-Neuroscience London
King's College London: School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience London
University of Oxford: Graduate Center for Biosciences Oxford
the traditional day to look back ...
wrote a huge post and then deleted it. its not ... 'appropriate'. life moves on. life winds down. towards the end, u come closer and closer to ur mistakes, ur wounds, till ur face to face, eye to eye, with every pain and shame and anger. was it better to live lightheartedly? without too much thought. or passion. or emotion? to skim the surface to of life as it were? not for me. this is my pace. this is my intensity. ill take it, whichever side it goes - happy or sad. to live life half heartedly, just for the sake of living, breeding and dying ... what good id that? i feel different suddenly.
i feel something falling off. its guilt? or its pity. they all caim they are as strong, as grownup - so why should i watch my steps. i feel today if any of them came up to me, I would not soften it and take the blame for them again - i wont feel sorry. i wont make it easy for them. they hurt you. they keep hitting at you. and to keep down the backlash they make u feel its all ur fault. i dont want it like that anymore.
im not going to trust anyone any more. im not gonna wanna take their pain anymore. not even in my heart. they r not worth it. but i know the rebellion wont last long. i will forgive even those who stabbed me closest. and i will even hold them and comfort them for the remorse they feel after. its not fair.
and then i feel tired. im tired. i just wanna go to sleep. its late.
i feel something falling off. its guilt? or its pity. they all caim they are as strong, as grownup - so why should i watch my steps. i feel today if any of them came up to me, I would not soften it and take the blame for them again - i wont feel sorry. i wont make it easy for them. they hurt you. they keep hitting at you. and to keep down the backlash they make u feel its all ur fault. i dont want it like that anymore.
im not going to trust anyone any more. im not gonna wanna take their pain anymore. not even in my heart. they r not worth it. but i know the rebellion wont last long. i will forgive even those who stabbed me closest. and i will even hold them and comfort them for the remorse they feel after. its not fair.
and then i feel tired. im tired. i just wanna go to sleep. its late.
Happy Birthday
Wednesday, November 10, 2004
the traditional day to look back, take stock, and 'watch where your going'. Im going nowhere near where I want to. I have lost everyone who mattered. I dont care too much for what I have picked up. i have passed up a chance to do what i wanted and then gone on to fuck up what he wanted. i have attacked her for hurting her. and hurt myself, in hurting him. no gods. no home. the family i had handpicked and handbuilt washed away like a sand castle, while i chased the one i had in a mad moment of fancy. what have i done. what have we done to myself. to my life ...
we are walking along life with no road map. at each point that the road forks, we take one of the roads ... why? is it always a conscious decision? sometimes the other road is blocked, sometimes u meet someone cute and while talking to them u dont notice and unconsciously take the same turn as them, sometimes u take a bad road just to get rid of someone who u fell in with who turned out to be irritating ... sometimes ur just lost in thought and take a random road ... how conscious are we and how much percent of the time? these forks come up 24/7/4/12 ... and every year
Year Ending: eine schlusselerlenis? in the long run ... what is? Right here right now looks like this year was the so hard packed with Action! The best of the best - the worst of the worst. Exquisite pleasures and Crippling pain. Rippling laughter layered over a bed of tears drying up into welterschmerz, a little more everyday. So many new friends. And isolation now finally made perfect. For me, everything is always changing. Like sitting in a helicoptor with a wine hearted pilot zipping in random directions above a town. Each turn brings a new, different view. Each turn makes everything look different ... Good, bad, right wrong ... forget black and white ... my world is a swirling mass of colors. Sometimes I think ... life is so short and there so little left, yet there so much I still want to do. How will I fit everything in? And other times I think theres so many days still left to live ... how will I bear it for so long? More and more the question chases my thoughts, my solitude ... Why? Why are we living? Whats the logic? Its so pointless? Live / Breed / Die ... like a cockroach.
"I want to die. No, Im not sad. No logic. No explanation, No tears, No pity. Just a overwhelming ennui. a deep welterschmersz.A paralysing weariness. I cant go on. Not anymore. I have run so hard so long so alone. I am tired now. I want to rest. I cant wait for the show to end. I give up. Ill never catch up. Ill never make it, as big as I wanted to make it. And everything else seems to fade. Whats the use? Whats the point? Endlessly, Futilely, struggling ... on & on forever after. Forever against the tide. And the tide is forever I."- Ray W. Guelph, 1913
we are walking along life with no road map. at each point that the road forks, we take one of the roads ... why? is it always a conscious decision? sometimes the other road is blocked, sometimes u meet someone cute and while talking to them u dont notice and unconsciously take the same turn as them, sometimes u take a bad road just to get rid of someone who u fell in with who turned out to be irritating ... sometimes ur just lost in thought and take a random road ... how conscious are we and how much percent of the time? these forks come up 24/7/4/12 ... and every year
Year Ending: eine schlusselerlenis? in the long run ... what is? Right here right now looks like this year was the so hard packed with Action! The best of the best - the worst of the worst. Exquisite pleasures and Crippling pain. Rippling laughter layered over a bed of tears drying up into welterschmerz, a little more everyday. So many new friends. And isolation now finally made perfect. For me, everything is always changing. Like sitting in a helicoptor with a wine hearted pilot zipping in random directions above a town. Each turn brings a new, different view. Each turn makes everything look different ... Good, bad, right wrong ... forget black and white ... my world is a swirling mass of colors. Sometimes I think ... life is so short and there so little left, yet there so much I still want to do. How will I fit everything in? And other times I think theres so many days still left to live ... how will I bear it for so long? More and more the question chases my thoughts, my solitude ... Why? Why are we living? Whats the logic? Its so pointless? Live / Breed / Die ... like a cockroach.
"I want to die. No, Im not sad. No logic. No explanation, No tears, No pity. Just a overwhelming ennui. a deep welterschmersz.A paralysing weariness. I cant go on. Not anymore. I have run so hard so long so alone. I am tired now. I want to rest. I cant wait for the show to end. I give up. Ill never catch up. Ill never make it, as big as I wanted to make it. And everything else seems to fade. Whats the use? Whats the point? Endlessly, Futilely, struggling ... on & on forever after. Forever against the tide. And the tide is forever I."- Ray W. Guelph, 1913
Happy Birthday
Wednesday, November 10, 2004
the traditional day to look back, take stock, and 'watch where your going'. Im going nowhere near where I want to. I have lost everyone who mattered. I dont care too much for what I have picked up. i have passed up a chance to do what i wanted and then gone on to fuck up what he wanted. i have attacked her for hurting her. and hurt myself, in hurting him. no gods. no home. the family i had handpicked and handbuilt washed away like a sand castle, while i chased the one i had in a mad moment of fancy. what have i done. what have we done to myself. to my life ...
we are walking along life with no road map. at each point that the road forks, we take one of the roads ... why? is it always a conscious decision? sometimes the other road is blocked, sometimes u meet someone cute and while talking to them u dont notice and unconsciously take the same turn as them, sometimes u take a bad road just to get rid of someone who u fell in with who turned out to be irritating ... sometimes ur just lost in thought and take a random road ... how conscious are we and how much percent of the time? these forks come up 24/7/4/12 ... and every year
Year Ending: eine schlusselerlenis? in the long run ... what is? Right here right now looks like this year was the so hard packed with Action! The best of the best - the worst of the worst. Exquisite pleasures and Crippling pain. Rippling laughter layered over a bed of tears drying up into welterschmerz, a little more everyday. So many new friends. And isolation now finally made perfect. For me, everything is always changing. Like sitting in a helicoptor with a wine hearted pilot zipping in random directions above a town. Each turn brings a new, different view. Each turn makes everything look different ... Good, bad, right wrong ... forget black and white ... my world is a swirling mass of colors. Sometimes I think ... life is so short and there so little left, yet there so much I still want to do. How will I fit everything in? And other times I think theres so many days still left to live ... how will I bear it for so long? More and more the question chases my thoughts, my solitude ... Why? Why are we living? Whats the logic? Its so pointless? Live / Breed / Die ... like a cockroach.
"I want to die. No, Im not sad. No logic. No explanation, No tears, No pity. Just a overwhelming ennui. a deep welterschmersz.A paralysing weariness. I cant go on. Not anymore. I have run so hard so long so alone. I am tired now. I want to rest. I cant wait for the show to end. I give up. Ill never catch up. Ill never make it, as big as I wanted to make it. And everything else seems to fade. Whats the use? Whats the point? Endlessly, Futilely, struggling ... on & on forever after. Forever against the tide. And the tide is forever I."- Ray W. Guelph, 1913
we are walking along life with no road map. at each point that the road forks, we take one of the roads ... why? is it always a conscious decision? sometimes the other road is blocked, sometimes u meet someone cute and while talking to them u dont notice and unconsciously take the same turn as them, sometimes u take a bad road just to get rid of someone who u fell in with who turned out to be irritating ... sometimes ur just lost in thought and take a random road ... how conscious are we and how much percent of the time? these forks come up 24/7/4/12 ... and every year
Year Ending: eine schlusselerlenis? in the long run ... what is? Right here right now looks like this year was the so hard packed with Action! The best of the best - the worst of the worst. Exquisite pleasures and Crippling pain. Rippling laughter layered over a bed of tears drying up into welterschmerz, a little more everyday. So many new friends. And isolation now finally made perfect. For me, everything is always changing. Like sitting in a helicoptor with a wine hearted pilot zipping in random directions above a town. Each turn brings a new, different view. Each turn makes everything look different ... Good, bad, right wrong ... forget black and white ... my world is a swirling mass of colors. Sometimes I think ... life is so short and there so little left, yet there so much I still want to do. How will I fit everything in? And other times I think theres so many days still left to live ... how will I bear it for so long? More and more the question chases my thoughts, my solitude ... Why? Why are we living? Whats the logic? Its so pointless? Live / Breed / Die ... like a cockroach.
"I want to die. No, Im not sad. No logic. No explanation, No tears, No pity. Just a overwhelming ennui. a deep welterschmersz.A paralysing weariness. I cant go on. Not anymore. I have run so hard so long so alone. I am tired now. I want to rest. I cant wait for the show to end. I give up. Ill never catch up. Ill never make it, as big as I wanted to make it. And everything else seems to fade. Whats the use? Whats the point? Endlessly, Futilely, struggling ... on & on forever after. Forever against the tide. And the tide is forever I."- Ray W. Guelph, 1913
shadows of the sun
spent some time deleting mails i had treasured for so long. had this temptation to just go online and clear out whole accounts. its crazy, issnt it? spectres from dark alleys you haved passed through continue to haunt you, even in the warm sunlit corners of ur home. u brush ur shoulders frantically, trying to rid urself of that which u cant really get at. but u cant lose it. what we have lived becomes us. in little bits and pieces. and getting rid becomes an amputation. you lose so much in the bargain. if the cancer has spread, ur left with hardly anything. u become half dead. alone, in the loneliest flat in town, u smooth the floors, and mark ur steps. once in a while u look in the mirror. and maybe wonder if ur still alive?
she reaches out and touches you
quietly in the dark
her cold fingers freeze around your heart
she'll never let you go
you can run wherever you want
but wherever you may run to
She'll be waiting in the dark
you've run away, far from home
left everything you've ever known
and then suddenly,
laughing over coffee
in an ungaurded moment
she'll steal up quietly
and her icy fingers squeeze round your heart
she'll smile as she swallows
your startled gasp of pain
noone will hear
your silent screams will
noone will see
as you freeze into spasms of pain
all that shows is a absence in your eyes
as they gaze far away ...
and noone knows how far it is
as she slowly slips away
and all that golden forgetful laughter
melted in a corner of your eye
as u smilingly make some excuse
some worldly, grownup reason why
they say some wounds never heal
she'll always be right behind
from the other side, i had a wonderful weekend. lunch party, rowing on saturday and french homework after cleaning the house sunday night. chatted with adit, ma, munal and baba. finally made and ate bhutta ka sabji. and looking fwd to a chat with my old friend from the USA who has promised she has interesting news. and tomorrow another week begins!
she reaches out and touches you
quietly in the dark
her cold fingers freeze around your heart
she'll never let you go
you can run wherever you want
but wherever you may run to
She'll be waiting in the dark
you've run away, far from home
left everything you've ever known
and then suddenly,
laughing over coffee
in an ungaurded moment
she'll steal up quietly
and her icy fingers squeeze round your heart
she'll smile as she swallows
your startled gasp of pain
noone will hear
your silent screams will
noone will see
as you freeze into spasms of pain
all that shows is a absence in your eyes
as they gaze far away ...
and noone knows how far it is
as she slowly slips away
and all that golden forgetful laughter
melted in a corner of your eye
as u smilingly make some excuse
some worldly, grownup reason why
they say some wounds never heal
she'll always be right behind
from the other side, i had a wonderful weekend. lunch party, rowing on saturday and french homework after cleaning the house sunday night. chatted with adit, ma, munal and baba. finally made and ate bhutta ka sabji. and looking fwd to a chat with my old friend from the USA who has promised she has interesting news. and tomorrow another week begins!
diwali
huge crackers outside ... makes me miss ... what really? home, kolkata, kabir rd'er baari? juls neeru? staying at kabir rd? a time? a place? for 3 days. crying and talking. once in a while they move from the background to the foreground. the light never goes out. the fire never burns out. heart burn. acidity? :)
do u ever feel like u cant go on? do u ever feel like u cant pretend anymore?
for a long time i have been wanting to write something about what love is
bcz of something i read on my own page - something i wrote long time back ...
and its crap! i learned what love is when i grand father died
and these last few days - crying together on the phone. those 2, i love. and thats it. for now. will try to write about it one day ...
Sleight of hand and twist of fate
On a bed of nails she makes me wait
And I wait without you
Through the storm we reach the shore
You give it all but I want more
And I'm waiting for you
With or without you
I can't live
And you give yourself away ...
do u ever feel like u cant go on? do u ever feel like u cant pretend anymore?
for a long time i have been wanting to write something about what love is
bcz of something i read on my own page - something i wrote long time back ...
and its crap! i learned what love is when i grand father died
and these last few days - crying together on the phone. those 2, i love. and thats it. for now. will try to write about it one day ...
Sleight of hand and twist of fate
On a bed of nails she makes me wait
And I wait without you
Through the storm we reach the shore
You give it all but I want more
And I'm waiting for you
With or without you
I can't live
And you give yourself away ...
Lullaby
pile of dead babies by the door
puddle of blood on the kitchen floor
mama dont love me anymore
u dont know cz i never told u before
i dreamt i killed her late last night
cz i hate it when she makes my baby cry
cz i hate it when she makes my old man fight
missed her so much i lay down 2 die
pile of dead babies by the door
puddle of blood on the kitchen floor
mama mama, dont be sore
ill be ur slave forever more
i dreamt i saw a great white light
like a halo over where they all lie
i smiled, then i screamed out at the sight
they'd turned into monsters, gleaming eye
mama, mama come back to life
i cant live without u
mama, mama do them all
dont leave me, ill dies without u
pile of dead babies by the door
puddle of blood on the kitchen floor
mama mama, dont be sore
ill be ur slave forever more
daddy, daddy, pls dont cry
we'll all die, bye and bye
mama, mama, lets all die
we'll never survive this wasted life
puddle of blood on the kitchen floor
mama dont love me anymore
u dont know cz i never told u before
i dreamt i killed her late last night
cz i hate it when she makes my baby cry
cz i hate it when she makes my old man fight
missed her so much i lay down 2 die
pile of dead babies by the door
puddle of blood on the kitchen floor
mama mama, dont be sore
ill be ur slave forever more
i dreamt i saw a great white light
like a halo over where they all lie
i smiled, then i screamed out at the sight
they'd turned into monsters, gleaming eye
mama, mama come back to life
i cant live without u
mama, mama do them all
dont leave me, ill dies without u
pile of dead babies by the door
puddle of blood on the kitchen floor
mama mama, dont be sore
ill be ur slave forever more
daddy, daddy, pls dont cry
we'll all die, bye and bye
mama, mama, lets all die
we'll never survive this wasted life
Lullaby II
come my child
ill sing a lullaby
i cant ease ur pain
but i can help you cry
i cant fight for you
but i can run and hide
he who was to show the way
had only a lot of wise words to say
a bedtime tale of fairy kings and queens
smashed sandcastles submarines
never holds firm
and will never drown
wont let you die
and wont let you live
and so the story goes on and on
and so dance all on and on
banished by fear
when u should be near
on nights long ago
i cried like u too
all that u see
i saw too
2 tears
born of the same helpless sigh
2 thorns
born of in the same desert night
2 flames
born to feed on its on bloody guts
2 blackholes
to suck in their whole world
come my child
ill sing u a lullaby
songs of dead lives
of u and i
fairies and kings
with gossamer wings
beautiful, fatal
always enchanting
they pull out ur pity
as they turn in the knife
ill sing a lullaby
i cant ease ur pain
but i can help you cry
i cant fight for you
but i can run and hide
he who was to show the way
had only a lot of wise words to say
a bedtime tale of fairy kings and queens
smashed sandcastles submarines
never holds firm
and will never drown
wont let you die
and wont let you live
and so the story goes on and on
and so dance all on and on
banished by fear
when u should be near
on nights long ago
i cried like u too
all that u see
i saw too
2 tears
born of the same helpless sigh
2 thorns
born of in the same desert night
2 flames
born to feed on its on bloody guts
2 blackholes
to suck in their whole world
come my child
ill sing u a lullaby
songs of dead lives
of u and i
fairies and kings
with gossamer wings
beautiful, fatal
always enchanting
they pull out ur pity
as they turn in the knife
I Spy a Family
there'll be a light in ur eyes
like never otherwise
whenever u look at me
therell be a softness in ur smile
never there otherwise
whenever u smile at me
when im angry,
u'll make me laugh
when i cry,
u'll make me stop
you'll drive me crazy with all i have to do
just in looking after you
taken for granted, tired and happy ...
and then ull look after me too
you'll carry the bags
and find the way
ill cook and clean
and love u everyday
we'll talk for hours
like old friends
we'll be read together
like brother and sister
we'll be so happy
you and me, we'll make a family :)
like never otherwise
whenever u look at me
therell be a softness in ur smile
never there otherwise
whenever u smile at me
when im angry,
u'll make me laugh
when i cry,
u'll make me stop
you'll drive me crazy with all i have to do
just in looking after you
taken for granted, tired and happy ...
and then ull look after me too
you'll carry the bags
and find the way
ill cook and clean
and love u everyday
we'll talk for hours
like old friends
we'll be read together
like brother and sister
we'll be so happy
you and me, we'll make a family :)
baba o' reilly
its a kind of restlessness. a consciousness of something, when ur not
even sure of what. can u feel it in ur bones when the times are changing?
its an inward swirling current. in calm, stillwaters. its the kind of a
calm where you can feel the emptyness like a hollow in ur soul, the
stillness like graveyard
u cant sit still. u cant concentrate. u feel hungry, thirsty, tired all day long.
ur mad at urself & everyone that gets anywhere too near is caught in the
line of fire. im an emotional diabetic at the best of times, but when im irritated,
the sweeter someone is the more it irritates me.
i get flashes in the back of my mind. winter sunshine. the first cool breeze of the year.
the first drop of rain. the smell. my room. my bed. the window. the windchimes. tupi.
roast chicken. the ma-smell. barbs jumping around ... saying aa-aa-aami aami
bolchhilaam ... we both stammer when we r xcited ... ma on the phone, baba leaning
on air, on the floor with dunhill and black label in the air ...
and on my music system ...
Out here in the fields
I fought for my meals
I get my back into my living
I don't need to fight
To prove I'm right
I don't need to be forgiven
even sure of what. can u feel it in ur bones when the times are changing?
its an inward swirling current. in calm, stillwaters. its the kind of a
calm where you can feel the emptyness like a hollow in ur soul, the
stillness like graveyard
u cant sit still. u cant concentrate. u feel hungry, thirsty, tired all day long.
ur mad at urself & everyone that gets anywhere too near is caught in the
line of fire. im an emotional diabetic at the best of times, but when im irritated,
the sweeter someone is the more it irritates me.
i get flashes in the back of my mind. winter sunshine. the first cool breeze of the year.
the first drop of rain. the smell. my room. my bed. the window. the windchimes. tupi.
roast chicken. the ma-smell. barbs jumping around ... saying aa-aa-aami aami
bolchhilaam ... we both stammer when we r xcited ... ma on the phone, baba leaning
on air, on the floor with dunhill and black label in the air ...
and on my music system ...
Out here in the fields
I fought for my meals
I get my back into my living
I don't need to fight
To prove I'm right
I don't need to be forgiven
top 5 things i wanna be if i can be anything
a princess
a classical pianist
a intersate highway truck driver (as already elaborated on in the pick pages)
a mother (8 kids)
a journalist cum writer cum teacher (literature - as in 'old love' by sir archer ;)
a classical pianist
a intersate highway truck driver (as already elaborated on in the pick pages)
a mother (8 kids)
a journalist cum writer cum teacher (literature - as in 'old love' by sir archer ;)
so noone told you life was gonna be this way ...
what a horrible day! i think it brings you bad luck when ur friends r sad and they wont let you help :)
its funny that all day i think of a million things im dying to write about but when i sit here i cant get anything out ...
do u remember when we were kids we were just dying to grow up ...
all i could ever think was that im dying to get a job. be independant. i hated being dependant. even on my parents. i had a bank account and saved money. i walked out and dissapeared everytime someone got mad and said 'get out of here'. big time ego. big time temper. big time loneliness freak ... or so i thought
but now we are all grown up. we live alone. we earn our own money. we send money home. i support the person who was once my whole world ... how nice is it?
no friends. or atleast friends with so many 'buts'. when we were kids, if chatts was down i could poke her and plague her a dig dig dig till she got it out and was ok again. now if a friend is down all u can get in is a polite 'u doing ok'? and then u gotto let go and cross ur fingers.
cant stay at home. cant jump on baba's back (not w/o breaking it). cant throw fits. cant talk without keeping track of what ur syaing and if ur saying too much or if u just said something totally shocking. cant bitch w/o feeling guilty. cant foulmouth. cant sulk. cant cry. cant laugh too loudly. cant bunk work. cant go on holiday ...
cant chat with ur kid sister w/o feeling like u gotto sneak in a sneaky well disguised, well illustrated word of advice. cant tell anyone u wanna burst out crying cz u never know ... they might wanna too and if u start tehy wont and what kind of a friend will that make u? cant tell ur mom ur sick - cz she'll worry. and u feel guilty ... all the time, about everything, for everyone ... life is like one big "im sorry"! everything u do has a reason, has to be thought about before, has to be done keeping everyone and everything in mind
its funny that all day i think of a million things im dying to write about but when i sit here i cant get anything out ...
do u remember when we were kids we were just dying to grow up ...
all i could ever think was that im dying to get a job. be independant. i hated being dependant. even on my parents. i had a bank account and saved money. i walked out and dissapeared everytime someone got mad and said 'get out of here'. big time ego. big time temper. big time loneliness freak ... or so i thought
but now we are all grown up. we live alone. we earn our own money. we send money home. i support the person who was once my whole world ... how nice is it?
no friends. or atleast friends with so many 'buts'. when we were kids, if chatts was down i could poke her and plague her a dig dig dig till she got it out and was ok again. now if a friend is down all u can get in is a polite 'u doing ok'? and then u gotto let go and cross ur fingers.
cant stay at home. cant jump on baba's back (not w/o breaking it). cant throw fits. cant talk without keeping track of what ur syaing and if ur saying too much or if u just said something totally shocking. cant bitch w/o feeling guilty. cant foulmouth. cant sulk. cant cry. cant laugh too loudly. cant bunk work. cant go on holiday ...
cant chat with ur kid sister w/o feeling like u gotto sneak in a sneaky well disguised, well illustrated word of advice. cant tell anyone u wanna burst out crying cz u never know ... they might wanna too and if u start tehy wont and what kind of a friend will that make u? cant tell ur mom ur sick - cz she'll worry. and u feel guilty ... all the time, about everything, for everyone ... life is like one big "im sorry"! everything u do has a reason, has to be thought about before, has to be done keeping everyone and everything in mind
crazy ...
i walked for two hours looking for a net cafe anywhere remotely close to my place and at 9pm came back to find one in the lane just behind my doorway ...
is it symbolic? ;)
i went out for lunch. lovely food. and even nicer sitting and chatting for ages. but then i came back. it was 6. it was pitch dark outside. it felt so strange. felt crazy sitting alone on the sofa and staring out, so i went out for a walk. stretched out for 2 hours. exploring stockbridge. saw tupi. or her clone. she recognised me too :) she jumped on me and licked my face, while her owner stood there apologising.
once a long long time ago, i lived at home. hung out with friends and at school after school. came home late - fooled around, all of us ... juls, neeraj, poongie, raju da, jo. or most of the days i went to adit, chatts or malo's house after school. ma came home every evening. baba came home every year. ruebell, tipsy, tupi ... made a noise. poong kept spoiling my books. juls kept whacking my clothes. jo made me miserable with her hyper-emotionalism ... now its silent all the time. my clothes are clean and neat. no one makes a fuss. or scribbles in my leather bound books. nothing really happens anymore.
but thats the way life goes. u have to learn to let go. you give some you get some. u cant stay at home forever. u have to leave the nest someday.
theres a beautiful pizza place near my house. it overlooks a "river" or excuse for ... it has a little table - one special table - its in a seperate alcove, surrounded by glass walls. red cloth covered tables. glowing candles. i love looking at it as i walk past.
ive been thinking of moving my poems to a seperate blog. right now i just dump them on my home page or somewhere on the pink pages.
is it symbolic? ;)
i went out for lunch. lovely food. and even nicer sitting and chatting for ages. but then i came back. it was 6. it was pitch dark outside. it felt so strange. felt crazy sitting alone on the sofa and staring out, so i went out for a walk. stretched out for 2 hours. exploring stockbridge. saw tupi. or her clone. she recognised me too :) she jumped on me and licked my face, while her owner stood there apologising.
once a long long time ago, i lived at home. hung out with friends and at school after school. came home late - fooled around, all of us ... juls, neeraj, poongie, raju da, jo. or most of the days i went to adit, chatts or malo's house after school. ma came home every evening. baba came home every year. ruebell, tipsy, tupi ... made a noise. poong kept spoiling my books. juls kept whacking my clothes. jo made me miserable with her hyper-emotionalism ... now its silent all the time. my clothes are clean and neat. no one makes a fuss. or scribbles in my leather bound books. nothing really happens anymore.
but thats the way life goes. u have to learn to let go. you give some you get some. u cant stay at home forever. u have to leave the nest someday.
theres a beautiful pizza place near my house. it overlooks a "river" or excuse for ... it has a little table - one special table - its in a seperate alcove, surrounded by glass walls. red cloth covered tables. glowing candles. i love looking at it as i walk past.
ive been thinking of moving my poems to a seperate blog. right now i just dump them on my home page or somewhere on the pink pages.
sister of my soul
i dont have internet access at work. and i dont have a pc at home. which makes it impossible for me to keep in touch with people. calling is crazy - just calling my extended family is almost too expensive for me, with my one set of natural parents, and dozens of adopted parents, chatts, ad, sauce, juls ... and of course my kiddo. theres the work email, but its very cranky. it randomly picks up people and decides to block them?
looking back, it was one hell of a lousy week. everything i did just went wrong. lost my notebook which had everything imp in it. went in a four and 5 turned up. couldnt remember my numbers correctly. and ofcourse the usual home troubles were at an all time peak. cant do anything right. fat and ugly. bad person. either piss of someone everytime i open my mouth or piss myself off cz im being totally fake. how can any one person be so totally crappy in every possible way. its an art form and im an artist. the king of crap.
but still, its such a beautiful day today that its easy to forget all that. its bright and clear and crisp. blue skies and clouds in little wisps. friends to love who feel like they're close. dreams to make you forget ur woes. chatted with poongie till deep in the night. when u laugh before bed it makes u wake up bright. just woke up once 2 for a drink. the sky was so pretty as i stood at the sink.nice sunday :)
looking back, it was one hell of a lousy week. everything i did just went wrong. lost my notebook which had everything imp in it. went in a four and 5 turned up. couldnt remember my numbers correctly. and ofcourse the usual home troubles were at an all time peak. cant do anything right. fat and ugly. bad person. either piss of someone everytime i open my mouth or piss myself off cz im being totally fake. how can any one person be so totally crappy in every possible way. its an art form and im an artist. the king of crap.
but still, its such a beautiful day today that its easy to forget all that. its bright and clear and crisp. blue skies and clouds in little wisps. friends to love who feel like they're close. dreams to make you forget ur woes. chatted with poongie till deep in the night. when u laugh before bed it makes u wake up bright. just woke up once 2 for a drink. the sky was so pretty as i stood at the sink.nice sunday :)
Stranger In The Mirror
who are you stranger?
you look just like me,
you sound just like me,
why are you so familiar?
there was a flash of color
there was whiff of bloom
i followed, the burning desert trail, and found u desert rose ...
some part of me thought to crush u
under careless feet. some part thought like me ull hurt
if i let u survive
hard and fast grow desert flowers
poison hearted, acid leafed
sweet and pretty, innocent flowers - always ready for the kill
i hear ur voice now
like a echo, ringing out across the darkness
i see ur smile now, fading out, as ur light goes out
different worlds never meet.
wounds that early never heal.
voices rage out day and night.
theres no respite.
theres no relief.
so much pain.
so much hurt.
u cry out loud
hope no one will hear
u want to fall down on the ground
doubled. screaming. shout out loud
noone will hear.
noones there
shadows of the sun
she reaches out and touches you
quietly in the dark
and her cold fingers freeze slowly
around your unsuspecting heart
she'll never let you go
wherever you may run
wherever you may run to
She'll be waiting in the dark
you've run away, far from home
left everything you've ever known
then suddenly,
laughing over coffee
in an ungaurded moment
she'll steal up quietly
and her icy fingers squeeze slowly
around your unsuspecting heart
she'll smile as she swallows
your startled gasp of pain
noone will hear
your silent screams fade
noone will see
your spasms of pain
all that will show
is an absence in your eyes,
as they gaze in the distance,
far away ...
and noone knows how far it is
as she slowly slips away
with all that golden forgetful laughter
melted in a corner of your eye
and as u smilingly make some excuse
a worldly, grownup reason why
know one knows
she'll be back, sure as she went away.
they say some wounds never heal.
she'll always be right behind.
wherever you may run to,
she'll be right behind.
quietly in the dark
and her cold fingers freeze slowly
around your unsuspecting heart
she'll never let you go
wherever you may run
wherever you may run to
She'll be waiting in the dark
you've run away, far from home
left everything you've ever known
then suddenly,
laughing over coffee
in an ungaurded moment
she'll steal up quietly
and her icy fingers squeeze slowly
around your unsuspecting heart
she'll smile as she swallows
your startled gasp of pain
noone will hear
your silent screams fade
noone will see
your spasms of pain
all that will show
is an absence in your eyes,
as they gaze in the distance,
far away ...
and noone knows how far it is
as she slowly slips away
with all that golden forgetful laughter
melted in a corner of your eye
and as u smilingly make some excuse
a worldly, grownup reason why
know one knows
she'll be back, sure as she went away.
they say some wounds never heal.
she'll always be right behind.
wherever you may run to,
she'll be right behind.
Falconry
"We, the wild falcons of these skies
We, soft orphans of these tumultous times
We, sweet, intoxicating, poison hearted, wicked thorned
Wildflowers of the barren desert of progress
We, with delicate petals bright
And burning acid centers that sear u when u reach them
And by that time, its too late to draw out, to draw out whole ...
Beware, watch out, all be warned
proceed at your ur own risk.
dont cry out later that u were fooled
by our deceptive masks of innocense
will we ever find a home in the Garden
of the Gentle & Wise Gardener
with strong leather gloved Hands
Will we ever
Find our way back to heaven?
we, who are the bastards of two so unwed cultures ...
how quick we are to judge the rest
and say they wont ever ever ever understand us
the way we are
we think the nether lands of the mind
are our private preserve?
we think we are the lone peregrines
in the wastelands of black darkness and grey despair
thots of death and suicide or murder and vacany ...
journeys to blank space,
our sole sojournes?
our uninvaded playgrounds
they come here too,
the children of light
to take a peak or play a while
with what do they return?
what do we take, what do we give?
and how do we enter,
their very world
their safe and happy and clean world
armed with multi colored masks
pretend, pretend, its all pretend
but they do, or may
try comprehend
we're mockingly fearful,stoically shy
be brave, be brave
what are we so afraid of
what have we to lose
what have we left to lose anymore
We, soft orphans of these tumultous times
We, sweet, intoxicating, poison hearted, wicked thorned
Wildflowers of the barren desert of progress
We, with delicate petals bright
And burning acid centers that sear u when u reach them
And by that time, its too late to draw out, to draw out whole ...
Beware, watch out, all be warned
proceed at your ur own risk.
dont cry out later that u were fooled
by our deceptive masks of innocense
will we ever find a home in the Garden
of the Gentle & Wise Gardener
with strong leather gloved Hands
Will we ever
Find our way back to heaven?
we, who are the bastards of two so unwed cultures ...
how quick we are to judge the rest
and say they wont ever ever ever understand us
the way we are
we think the nether lands of the mind
are our private preserve?
we think we are the lone peregrines
in the wastelands of black darkness and grey despair
thots of death and suicide or murder and vacany ...
journeys to blank space,
our sole sojournes?
our uninvaded playgrounds
they come here too,
the children of light
to take a peak or play a while
with what do they return?
what do we take, what do we give?
and how do we enter,
their very world
their safe and happy and clean world
armed with multi colored masks
pretend, pretend, its all pretend
but they do, or may
try comprehend
we're mockingly fearful,stoically shy
be brave, be brave
what are we so afraid of
what have we to lose
what have we left to lose anymore
quote-unquote
i found this somewhere on my home page. i enjoy reading my own words. at times. is that funny or weird.
I did always believe that the songs that suddenly pop up in ur head are pulled up by our subconscious bcz its trying to say something .... TO us or maybe just mumbling out loud??? Anyway ... last few days I kept listening to "smoke on the water" but I didnt make any connection till right now ... you gotto have a really macabre sense of humour for this to hit ur funny bone ...
This song is my own mp3 version, which is a live recording, btw and starts with Rod Evans Screeeeeeeeeching "I know this seems like a devilish ploy But its one way to bring the proceedings to an end ...."
song in my head today ... Jesus Dont Want Me For A Sunbeam ... except that it comes out like jesus dont want me anymore ... why does it feel like the end of the world? when ur sad, u feel so alone ... isolated. and u laugh and crack dumb jokes. and hope no one notices ... but it just goes on hurting. what could u say. what cud u do ... how can i save her?
anyway ... on the lighter (?) side also found this on the site ...
You know there are somethings I love so much they make my heart ache for a few isolated moments at times ... like some words like cerullean & fey, like a few songs ... creep / love hurts / wicked game / jealous guy / romeo-juliet ... like ristretto coffee ;) and some flowers or sitting in the open in a isolated place at night ... while the world sleeps and u can kid ur self into beliveing theres no one else alive anywhere, anyplace ... like the pool of water I had once seen going from pune to bombay ... it was like a sheet of metal ... it looked so solid ... like how a little girl had once smiled at me on a bus in bristol at a time when I had been missing munal like mad ... I just got on and she looked up and smiled ... like we were supposed to meet up there andshe had been waiting ... she had a pink bow in her hair ... will I forget .. like some poems ... like "jenny loved me" I read it on the net, alone one night and I cried and I couldnt stop. I couldnt stop.
and another soul stirring memory. I was walking home from the bus stop in bristol one day. balmy vening. winds blowing all around. this is near the city centre and used to talk all kinds of weird by lanes ... a new one each time & there were so many! god I loved that city so. anyway, so its about 9 pm and the sky is just about begging to fade to darker shades ... Im walking ... its cold ... and I have one of those "I'm all alone in this world & thank god" feelings. Im walking by this huge church and SUDDENLY there are lights inside & the bells start chiming .. I cant explain this ... but it was heavenly. The sounds of the bells floated all around in the air till I felt like I was dancing in a cloud of song & the whole world was so beautiful and I was SO GRATEFUL I was alive & alone & free
no comp. cant write much. did some poems but they are still in the notebook. will type them out sometime soon.
I did always believe that the songs that suddenly pop up in ur head are pulled up by our subconscious bcz its trying to say something .... TO us or maybe just mumbling out loud??? Anyway ... last few days I kept listening to "smoke on the water" but I didnt make any connection till right now ... you gotto have a really macabre sense of humour for this to hit ur funny bone ...
This song is my own mp3 version, which is a live recording, btw and starts with Rod Evans Screeeeeeeeeching "I know this seems like a devilish ploy But its one way to bring the proceedings to an end ...."
song in my head today ... Jesus Dont Want Me For A Sunbeam ... except that it comes out like jesus dont want me anymore ... why does it feel like the end of the world? when ur sad, u feel so alone ... isolated. and u laugh and crack dumb jokes. and hope no one notices ... but it just goes on hurting. what could u say. what cud u do ... how can i save her?
anyway ... on the lighter (?) side also found this on the site ...
You know there are somethings I love so much they make my heart ache for a few isolated moments at times ... like some words like cerullean & fey, like a few songs ... creep / love hurts / wicked game / jealous guy / romeo-juliet ... like ristretto coffee ;) and some flowers or sitting in the open in a isolated place at night ... while the world sleeps and u can kid ur self into beliveing theres no one else alive anywhere, anyplace ... like the pool of water I had once seen going from pune to bombay ... it was like a sheet of metal ... it looked so solid ... like how a little girl had once smiled at me on a bus in bristol at a time when I had been missing munal like mad ... I just got on and she looked up and smiled ... like we were supposed to meet up there andshe had been waiting ... she had a pink bow in her hair ... will I forget .. like some poems ... like "jenny loved me" I read it on the net, alone one night and I cried and I couldnt stop. I couldnt stop.
and another soul stirring memory. I was walking home from the bus stop in bristol one day. balmy vening. winds blowing all around. this is near the city centre and used to talk all kinds of weird by lanes ... a new one each time & there were so many! god I loved that city so. anyway, so its about 9 pm and the sky is just about begging to fade to darker shades ... Im walking ... its cold ... and I have one of those "I'm all alone in this world & thank god" feelings. Im walking by this huge church and SUDDENLY there are lights inside & the bells start chiming .. I cant explain this ... but it was heavenly. The sounds of the bells floated all around in the air till I felt like I was dancing in a cloud of song & the whole world was so beautiful and I was SO GRATEFUL I was alive & alone & free
no comp. cant write much. did some poems but they are still in the notebook. will type them out sometime soon.
am i my brothers keeper?
When home is not where the homeland is
Wo gehen wir denn hin? Immer nach Hause.
Where are we going? Always homeward.
--Novalis
Wo gehen wir denn hin? Immer nach Hause.
Where are we going? Always homeward.
--Novalis
in search of a thicker skin
why do we get such strong / uncontrollable likes and dislikes in people? what do we care. y do we care. we hate to care. there r millions blue right now all over the world. what the h%$£ can we do ... why do we care. y shud it still hurt us after they forget. why would we still hurt? y do we cry for stupid things. y do we get mad and be all determined to stay mad ... but forget all about it in 5 mins.
i hate it when the simplest things get stupidly complicated?
A winter's day
In a deep and dark December
I am alone
Gazing from my window
To the streets below
On a freshly fallen silent shroud of snow
I am a rock
I am an island
I've built walls
A fortress deep and mighty
That none may penetrate
I have no need for friendship
Friendship causes pain
It's laughter and it's loving I disdain.
I am a rock
I am an island
Don't talk of love
Well, I've heard the word before
It's sleeping in my memory
I won't disturb the slumber
Of feelings that have died
If I'd never loved,
I never would have cried
I am a rock
I am an island
I have my books
And my poetry to protect me
I am shielded in my armor
Hiding in my room
Safe within my womb
I touch no-one and no-one touches me
I am a rock
I am an island
And the rock feels no pain
And an island never cries
I Am a Rock - Simon and Garfunkel
i hate it when the simplest things get stupidly complicated?
A winter's day
In a deep and dark December
I am alone
Gazing from my window
To the streets below
On a freshly fallen silent shroud of snow
I am a rock
I am an island
I've built walls
A fortress deep and mighty
That none may penetrate
I have no need for friendship
Friendship causes pain
It's laughter and it's loving I disdain.
I am a rock
I am an island
Don't talk of love
Well, I've heard the word before
It's sleeping in my memory
I won't disturb the slumber
Of feelings that have died
If I'd never loved,
I never would have cried
I am a rock
I am an island
I have my books
And my poetry to protect me
I am shielded in my armor
Hiding in my room
Safe within my womb
I touch no-one and no-one touches me
I am a rock
I am an island
And the rock feels no pain
And an island never cries
I Am a Rock - Simon and Garfunkel
closed a blog ...
closed a blog ... it was called weltanschauungen - world view ... whats the point. have so many, never write in them.
The description was : all around life rolls on. as I drift, fly, travel all around mans world, across distance and time, unique distills to common roots, more things change, more they stay the same
I am weary. i am drowning. in a pool of weltscmersch. yet a spark is hope. dormant, but in destroyable
there was only one dumb post ...
56 anniversary of a nation as an independant country
but issnt it really our 56 anniversary as one nation
was there an whole and consistent india before the raj united us?
we were always a collection of neighbouring states
common fantasies of a glorious past. desperately remembered
and todays India, what is it tied together by? A forced common use of a mother tongue which atleast 35% of the population does not even understand? and only about 30 percent speak naturally, from birth. Or is it a common land mass? The languages, the cultures, the people, religions, customs, histories ... everything is drastically different. Then what is common? at one time we had a common enemy. now even that separates us
with circumstance as the only thing to bond us together ... we r moving into the future, awkward, stumbling, five steps in five directions, one foot going forward, one going back. the pace is furious. the timing is critical. will we ever make it ...
back to the future, where we belong
The description was : all around life rolls on. as I drift, fly, travel all around mans world, across distance and time, unique distills to common roots, more things change, more they stay the same
I am weary. i am drowning. in a pool of weltscmersch. yet a spark is hope. dormant, but in destroyable
there was only one dumb post ...
56 anniversary of a nation as an independant country
but issnt it really our 56 anniversary as one nation
was there an whole and consistent india before the raj united us?
we were always a collection of neighbouring states
common fantasies of a glorious past. desperately remembered
and todays India, what is it tied together by? A forced common use of a mother tongue which atleast 35% of the population does not even understand? and only about 30 percent speak naturally, from birth. Or is it a common land mass? The languages, the cultures, the people, religions, customs, histories ... everything is drastically different. Then what is common? at one time we had a common enemy. now even that separates us
with circumstance as the only thing to bond us together ... we r moving into the future, awkward, stumbling, five steps in five directions, one foot going forward, one going back. the pace is furious. the timing is critical. will we ever make it ...
back to the future, where we belong
Friends
This was the blog that was going to be for just friends
"That's what real love amounts to - letting a person be what he really is. Most people love you for who you pretend to be. To keep their love, you keep pretending- performing. You get to love your pretence. It's true, we're locked in an image, an act- and the sad thing is, people get so used to their image, they grow attached to their masks. They love their chains. They forget all about who they really are. And if you try to remind them, they hate you for it, they feel like you're trying to stea
"I think of myself as an intelligent, sensitive human with the soul of a clown, which always forces me to blow it at the most important moments." Jim Morisson - The Doors - The greatest writer / songster / joker ... ever? so the kid thinks This page is going to be dedicated to friends ... intentions are to add one post for each friend I have ever loved, but then the 'road to hell is paved with good intentions' ;)"That's what real love amounts to - letting a person be what he really is. Most people love you for who you pretend to be. To keep their love, you keep pretending- performing. You get to love your pretence. It's true, we're locked in an image, an act- and the sad thing is, people get so used to their image, they grow attached to their masks. They love their chains. They forget all about who they really are. And if you try to remind them, they hate you for it, they feel like you're trying to stea
"I think of myself as an intelligent, sensitive human with the soul of a clown, which always forces me to blow it at the most important moments." Jim Morisson - The Doors - The greatest writer / songster / joker ... ever? so the kid thinks This page is going to be dedicated to friends ... intentions are to add one post for each friend I have ever loved, but then the 'road to hell is paved with good intentions' ;)
"That's what real love amounts to - letting a person be what he really is. Most people love you for who you pretend to be. To keep their love, you keep pretending- performing. You get to love your pretence. It's true, we're locked in an image, an act- and the sad thing is, people get so used to their image, they grow attached to their masks. They love their chains. They forget all about who they really are. And if you try to remind them, they hate you for it, they feel like you're trying to stea
"I think of myself as an intelligent, sensitive human with the soul of a clown, which always forces me to blow it at the most important moments." Jim Morisson - The Doors - The greatest writer / songster / joker ... ever? so the kid thinks This page is going to be dedicated to friends ... intentions are to add one post for each friend I have ever loved, but then the 'road to hell is paved with good intentions' ;)"That's what real love amounts to - letting a person be what he really is. Most people love you for who you pretend to be. To keep their love, you keep pretending- performing. You get to love your pretence. It's true, we're locked in an image, an act- and the sad thing is, people get so used to their image, they grow attached to their masks. They love their chains. They forget all about who they really are. And if you try to remind them, they hate you for it, they feel like you're trying to stea
"I think of myself as an intelligent, sensitive human with the soul of a clown, which always forces me to blow it at the most important moments." Jim Morisson - The Doors - The greatest writer / songster / joker ... ever? so the kid thinks This page is going to be dedicated to friends ... intentions are to add one post for each friend I have ever loved, but then the 'road to hell is paved with good intentions' ;)
History of English Language - From Some Webpage
http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_history/ancient/ramayan/rama_vartak.html
http://www.peak.org/~jeremy/dictionary/chapters/history.php
http://www.electricscotland.com/history/peebles/chap9.htm
Brief History of English
Where did English come from? The Germanic language of the Angulseaxans (Anglo-Saxons), who began arriving in the British Isles in the middle of the 5th century AD, developed independently of the original continental Ealdseaxe (Old Saxons), becoming what is called both Anglo-Saxon and Old English. English developed from there, more or less as follows:
450-1100 Anglo-Saxon/Old English
1100-1500 Middle English (Chaucer)
1500-1700 Early Modern (Shakespeare)
1700-1900 19th century (Industrial Revolution & Victorians)
1900-2000 Modern (Technology)
But who were these Saxons? Where did they and their language come from, and whom did they find when they arrived in the British Isles?
Celts
Romans
Germans
Ancient history
When did language start
Brief history of English
Old English
Middle English
Great vowel shift
Early Modern English
19th C English
American English
Modern English
[If some characters aren't ɛɑʃɪlʏʃɛɛn, click here.]
The Venerable Bede, in his Historia Ecclesiastica (written in Latin 735-739 AD) says that there were four peoples (languages) on the island: Picts, Scots, Angles, and Britons. The Scots were Celts who had come from Ireland in the 5th century; the British were the Celts from Manchester; the Angles, a generic term of the time including Angles, Saxons and Jutes, were the Germanic peoples from the continent; and the Picts.
The Celts
The Celtic speaking tribes emerged in central Europe around 3000 years ago. They dominated southern Germany and the northern Alps in the 1st millennium BC, and emerged in southern Europe in the 5th century BC (Spain, Celtiberians). They’re the Gauls in Europe, and the biblical Galatians in Turkey, as well as in Switzerland/northern Italy (Lepontic) and Britain and Ireland.
The Celts were known to the Greeks as Keltoi (barbarians). The first historical account of the Celts by the Romans report how they came out of the Alps (400 BC) and displaced the Etruscans from the fertile Po valley, which eventually led to the decline of the Etruscans (800 BC - 100 AD).
The Celts appeared in Britain and Ireland around 2800 years ago, essentially bringing the iron-age to the British Isles. The Irish Celts spoke Goidelic, the language that became Irish (Gaeilge), Manx (Gailck), and Scottish Gaelic(Gàídhlig) (In the late 400s, Gaelic speakers from County Antrim, Ireland invaded the western district of Argyll, Scotland (then Pictland or Pictavia). They called their new kingdom Dalriada but they were known as 'scots', meaning raiders, by their enemies.)
Goidelic is also called q-Celtic because it retains the ‘kw’ sound of proto-Indo-European (below), which survives today in words such as mac (son, as in McDonald, son of Donald).
At a later time period, there were more migrations of Celts into England, occurring up until (and possibly even a little after) Julius Caesar’s expeditions in 55-54 BC. These Celts spoke Brythonic, which gave rise to Welsh (Cymraeg), Cornish, Cumbric (Cymric) and Breton (when Cornish folk migrated to Britanny in France in the 5th century AD partially because of the bothersome Irish Celts).
Brythonic is also called p-Celtic because the ‘kw’ sound had developed into a ‘p’ (or ‘b’). The Welsh for son is map or mab, the root word of Mabinogion (a well-known collection of ancient Welsh legends including some of King Arthur, although the actual meaning of Mabinogion is unclear, something like ‘tales of youth’, ‘youthful career’, ‘aspirant to bardic honor’).
Since Lepontic (northern Italy) is p-Celtic, as is thought Celtberian, Gaulish, and Galatian, does this mean that Irish (q-Celtic) is the most ancient of Celtic languages, since the p-Celtic diverged from its Indo-European roots?
The Britonnes, so called by the Romans, were one of the many tribes in Britain, and it is this that eventually gives rise to words like (ancient) Briton, British, Britain, and brythonic. Interestingly, the Greeks called the British Isles (300 BC) Pretaninkai nesoi, the p-Celtic stem pretan the same as the q-Celtic Crethan, the Irish name for the Picts.
Tribes typically refer to themselves as the one true people (‘the chosen race’, ‘all men’, ‘the real people’) who live in ‘the homeland’, but are called by their neighbours usually something disparaging, starting with foreigner, and it is these names that more often seem to get passed down, becoming that by which they are known today.
Viking vik /vik/ originally meant fjord or bay, but also has the connotation of landing place, settlement, camp. So vik-ings means people of this camp, or literally townspeople. In Old English, wic means village.
derogatory terms
Celt from the Greek keltoi meaning barbarian.
Welsh, Wales Saxon word wealas, meaning foreigner, for the displaced Celts who became the Welsh.
Cornwall (‘Cornish Welsh’) Cornish foreigners
Goidelic Welsh gwyddel, meaning savages, for the Irish who briefly colonised in the west. (Goidelic is the language family name, see above.)
Scots related to an Old Irish word for raider, making Scotland mean the ‘Land of the Raiders’.
Gauls Latin Gallatae = barbarians.
barbarian Greek for foreigner.
Hebrew derived from a Babylonian word meaning vagrant.
compare
gaijin Japanese term for foreigner
gringo Mexican term for foreigner
Romans
The Romans arrived in Britain in 43 AD and left during the 5th century, completing their withdrawal by 436 AD. They were essentially managers of the land, farmed by the Celts, in return for taxes and protection. (They allowed a small number of Saxons to settle in Britain in those centuries.) They had control of Britain as far as Hadrian’s Wall, north of which lived the insurmountable Picts!?!
Germans
Germanic tribes emerged from southern Scandinavia around 3000 years ago and spread into northern areas of Germany. In the ensuing centuries, they expanded, encountering the Celts (4th c. BC), and Romans (1st c. BC). The eastern tribes were the nomadic Goths, the northern groups are the various Scandinavians (which gave rise to the Scandinavian languages), and the western ones in northern Germany were the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (amongst others). Their languages became German and Dutch, and English began with Angles, Saxons, and Jutes who invaded and settled in Britain in the 5th century AD. (They were initially invited by Celtic King Vortigern to help him fight the Scots and the Picts?!?)
Some Ancient History (Indo-European)
,--Icelandic
|--Faeroese
,-(Phrygian) ,--------------------------------|--Norwegian
| | |--(Norn 18c)
|-(Illyrian) | |--Swedish
| | `--Danish
|-(Messapic) | ,--(Burgundian)
| | ,-----------------------------|--(Vandal)
|-(Thracean) | | `--(Gothic 16c)
| | | ,--Yiddish
|-Balto-Slavic | | ,-high------------------------German
| ,-North-´ | | ,--Afrikaans
|-Germanic-|-East-----´ | ,--|--Dutch
| | ,-German--low--Old Saxon-------´ `--Flemish
|-(Venetic)`West|-Old Frisian--------------------------Frisian
| | ,-Northumbrian-N. dialect-lowland Scots
|-Albanian `-Old English|-Mercian-Midland dialect-Modern English
| |-West Saxon--S. dialect-Dorsetshire dialect
Indo |-Armenian `-Kentish ,--(Cornish 1777)
European| ,--|--Welsh
|-(Anatolian 2000-1700 BC) | |--(Cumbric)
| | `--Breton
|-(Tocharian) ,-- Brythionic (p-Celtic)---------´ ,--(Manx 1974)
| |-- Goidelic (q-Celtic)--------------|--Irish Gaelic
|-Celtic-------|--(Gaulish) `--Scottish Gaelic
| |--(Celtiberian) ,-------Greek
| `--(Galatian 5c AD) | ,-----Romany
|-Greek(Mycenaen)-Classic Greek--Koine(common)-´ | ,--Romanian
| (1400-800 BC) (800-400 BC) (400 BC-500 AD) | |--Italian
|-Indo-Iranian-----------------------------------´ |--French
| (10c BC Sanskrit) |--Catalan
`-Italic--(Latin 6c BC–recentish)-------------------|--Spanish
`--Portuguese
In the same way that Romance languages Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese are obviously related, Germanic languages Dutch and German are related, and the Celtic languages Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and Irish are related, it was discovered that that these language groups are also related, though more distantly. All such related groups are part of the Indo-European language family. As Latin gave rise to the Romance languages, so a proto-Indo-European language is inferred, which gave rise to proto versions of each language group (such as Latin), which then gave rise to most of the languages found today in Europe, Persia, and northern India.
English is a branch of Indo-European, in the Germanic group. The chart shows the Indo-European language family tree, with Celtic and Germanic expanded more than the others. Extinct languages are in parenthesised, with prepended dates indicating when a language became unique, and appended dates the language’s demise, and a range showing both. Indo-European is one of a score of major language families, such as Austronesian, which includes all the southeast Asian languages, and Amerind which includes most of the native American languages. These language families, deduced linguistically, bear a striking correlation with the major ethnic groups, deduced genetically. One popular theory is that all these languages originated from one language, or at least there were a bunch of coexisting ones, but only one mongrel prevailed (in a similar way to people starting). But when was this, and who were these people?
When Did Language Start
It all started with a Big Bang about 13.7 billion years ago (±0.14). After a split second of quark soup, we got radioactive subatomic particle soup which took hundreds of thousands of years of simmering for actual atoms to coalesce. After a few hundred million years, galaxies formed, which promptly started manufacturing stars, and the stars manufactured the chemicals we all know and love, and are made of. Our galaxy formed around that time, about 13 billion years ago, although taking a few billion years to assume its present spiral structure, but our sun formed much later, appearing about 5 billion years ago.
The rightmost scale of the accompanying graph is (almost) linear time. Nothing much was going on in the universe except star formation and aliens going about their usual day-to-day business. The earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago, and after almost another billion years, life finally formed (think wads of bacteria in shallow parts of oceans). After another couple of billion years rolled by, algae formed, and various inexplicable slimy things (Ediacara). Eventually, about half a billion years ago, life as we know it began to proliferate, with lush vegetation and all manner of creepy crawly thingies. Mammals actually appeared about the same time as dinosaurs, but kept well out of the way, until a big meteor nuked all the dinosaurs. The thus-liberated ratty creatures took a mere 5 million years to evolve into primates, but 8 to evolve into real rodents, and 10 for bats. And hominids finally made their appearance, along with grasses, 25 million years ago.
Humans escaped from chimpanzees about 5-7 million years ago, though in modern parlance, we speak of sharing a common ancestor at that time back in the plio-Pleistocene era. The earliest actual Australopithecus fossil dates back to about 5 million years ago, and the earliest Homo erectus fossils date back to perhaps almost 2 million years ago, and evidence of modern humans Homo sapiens date back no earlier than a mere 200,000 years.
Homo erectus (Peking Man, Java Man) survived until 50,000 years ago, and Homo neanderthalensis (Neanderthals) survived until 30,000 years ago. But it was Homo sapiens (us) who survived solely, until mere moments ago.
Three precipitous things occurred with the advent of modern humans: an astonishingly rapid increase in intelligence or sophistication (your mileage may vary), and along with that, culture and language. The evidence for these comes also from three sources: anthropology, DNA testing, and linguistics. Most of the above comes from stones and bones. DNA testing of people of today has allowed scientists to create a family tree, then by measuring the variation, deduce when there was a common ancestor, and also the relationship between the various ethnic groups. For females, the DNA measured is in the mitochondria, small organelles that pass unchanged, apart from random mutations, from mother to daughter. For males, the DNA measured is on the Y chromosome. Mitochondrial Eve appears in Africa about 130,000 years ago, and Y-chromosome Adam about 59,000 years ago.
Similarly, the linguistic measurement traces the variation in related groups of languages back to a supposed common language, and this language with other such-derived languages back to another common language, all the way back to the original language. All three methods, of thus tracing the original humans and their ultimate dispersal around the planet, produce excellently consistent results, but with enough inconclusivity to keep the raging academic fires burning fiercely.
Migrations out of Africa began possibly as late as 50,000 years ago. Although Europe was thus populated about 40,000 years ago, the ice age squoze them out of the main part of Europe until around 16,000 years ago, when they were let back in. Farming was invented around 10,000 years ago the Middle East area, and these folks spread into Europe around 8000 years ago, where they would have encountered the original people (who did all those cool paintings in France), still hunting and gathering. God was invented by this time, just in time to create the creationists, about 6000 years ago on 23rd October 4004 BC.
Some linguists have surmised that language began about 150,000 years ago, and that this language, termed proto-World, diverged as humans spread around the world. So, in this scenario, language appeared with modern humans kind of at around the same time that culture and sophistication suddenly flourished, and culture is seen as a measure of modern consciousness. So the big question is, did consciousness beget language, language beget consciousness, or did they both arise hand in hand?
Which would mean, by the way, that my earlier claim about rhyming slang is patently false, because, Mr Anderson, what good is rhyming if you are unable to speak?
So we’ve populated Europe and Asia with nattering humans, and history begins about 10,000 years ago when farming was invented in the middle east. These folks spread east and west, taking farming with them. In this way it entered Europe about 8000 years ago, and was apparently gradually adopted by the indigenous hunter-gathers in Britain 6000 years ago.
It was previously thought that the Kurgans were the progenitors of Indo-European. They were an agricultural and warlike people from south Russia, as far back as 7000 years ago, spreading to Danube area of Europe and beyond (3500 BC), and arriving in the Adriatic region before 2000 BC. However, the Indo-European proto-language is now thought to have emerged amongst a loose collection of clans in Anatolia (the eastern end of Turkey) 6000 years ago, and from there diffusing many directions, including around the Caspian and Black Seas and in to Europe. Over time it diverged to become most of the European languages of today, such as the Celtic, Italic, and Germanic languages.
Picts
Legend has it that Morgaine, King Arthur’s lover and petite half-sister, was part Pictish, which explained her mysterious ways, psychic abilities, and small dark complexion.
Little is known of the Picts whose language died out in the 10th century, almost without trace, as the people merged with the Scots. Bede says that they were originally Scythians (north of the Black Sea, or Scandanavians?) who sailed to Ireland, picked up wives, and continued to the then fertile shores of Scotland in some remote time.
In the early 1950s, F. T. Wainwright collected everything known about them in The Problem of the Picts. The only criticism was that the problem in the title was singular. Many historians said the Picts shouldn’t exist, but were thwarted by sparse but persistent evidence. A mystique continues, despite a recent survey, The Age of the Picts by W. A. Cummins, which provides all answers presently knowable.
Brief History of English
Old English 450-1100 (Germanic)
So the Saxons arrived in 449 AD. As it happens, they were invited to help the various and sundry British tribes defend themselves, now that the Romans were gone, against the ever pillaging Picts, who kept dashing over Hadrian’s wall and rushing back again with their loot and booty, occasionally assisted by the Scots from Ireland. Although, it took no time for the Saxons to side with the Picts, chase the British tribes off to the extremities, and use the land for themselves.
The Celts were eventually pushed back to Wales in the west, and Cornwall in the southwest. In the 5th centuary, some Irish invaded southwestern Scotland, and in the 6th century a large group from South Wales and Cornwall emigrated to Brittany in northern France, where they still speak Breton. This is the Britain as described by Bede.
Today, Scottish Gaelic is spoken in Scotland, Irish Gaelic is spoken in Ireland, and Welsh is spoken in Wales. Manx (Irish Gaelic influenced by Norse) was spoken in the Isle of Man until the middle part of this century (last native speaker was Ned Maddrell who died on 12th December 1974). Cornish was spoken in Cornwall until (inscription on gravestone): "Here lies interred Dorothy Pentreath who died in 1777 said to have been the last person who conversed in the Ancient Cornish the peculiar language of this county from the earliest records till it expired in the eighteenth century in this parish of Saint Paul".
As a result, Old English is predominantly Anglo-Saxon, with very few Celtic words adopted into the language (about a dozen p-Celtic and three or so q-Celtic words).
Old English also borrowed from church Latin (~450 words) and from Old Norse (~50 words). 7th century Christian missions to Britain brought learning and literacy, initially entirely in Latin, but an Old English written language did emerge in the northeast and in the West Saxon kingdom of Alfred the Great in the second half of the 9th century.
The first known written English sentence, "This she-wolf is a reward to my kinsman," is an Anglo-Saxon runic inscription on a gold medallion (about the size of a 50¢ piece) found in Suffolk, dated about AD 450-480.
By 750 AD Old English had evolved into a distinct language separate from the original speech of the Angles and Saxons. Of the 1000 most frequently used words today 83% are of Old English origin. Of our remaining vocabulary about 30% are Anglo-Saxon survivals. Tens of thousands of our current words are of French and Latin origin.
From the 8th to the 11th centuries, Vikings plundered lands adjacent to the Baltic and North Seas, including northeast England. The Danish King Cnut conquered Norway and England, usurping the English throne, in the early 11th century. Large numbers of Scandinavians settled in England throughout the Old English period, giving the language several thousand common words.
As well as most alphabetic characters we use today, Old English included ash æ /a/, thorn þ /th/, eth ð /dh/, and (Runic) wynn w /w/. The þ and ð are still present in Icelandic, and the æ in Danish and Norwegian.
Middle English: 1100-1500 (Germanic + Romance)
With his invading Normans in 1066, William the Conqueror established French domination. They were originally Danes (‘Northmen’) who had settled the northern coast of France (Normandy) in the 8th and 9th centuries.
All Old English nobility were wiped out. Norman French became the language of the aristocracy and the government (Normanized Latin was used in government, church and learning), and English remained the speech of the masses. So until about 1200 England was bilingual, when many French words were absorbed into English. (English: ox, sheep, swine, calf, and deer. French: beef, mutton, pork, veal, and venison.)
By the mid-1300s, English had reasserted itself, with a statute enacted in Parliament in 1362 that all lawsuits be conducted in English. French became a cultivated rather than a native language. The Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) meant French was the language of the enemy. The Black Death (1349-50), which killed off 30% of the people, increased the economic importance of the labouring classes and with it the importance of their language (not to mention their immune systems).
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400): Chaucer’s English (the variety or dialect spoken in London) established itself as the standard. However, from 1250 to 1400, English adopted the greatest number of French words (40%), and of the nearly 10,000, 75% are still in use.
It also changed in fundamental ways, especially in pronunciation and grammar (becoming simpler), from highly inflected (Germanic) to very analytical (modern). Some dialects retain some of the early pronunciations for a few words (/doon/ for down in northern England and Scotland).
The Great Vowel Shift
Think of how we say our five vowels (ay, ee, ai, oh, (y)oo) and how we pronounce them phonetically (as in bad, bed, bid, bod, bud). This is an echo of the shift in pronunciation of vowels from (Old and) Middle English to more or less what we use now, and it occurred in various stages mainly during the 13th to the 17th centuries. Linguists refer to this change as The Great Vowel Shift. Spelling of (Old and) Middle English was very phonetic, and was effectively standardised with the advent of printing (William Caxton 1475). But after the shift, spelling was no longer consonant with pronunciation, a situation which continues, and exasperates English learners.
Most of the vowels (apparently, 18 out of 20) changed, some completely, and others just when in relation to certain consonants (/english/ → /inglish/). The long vowels changed from Middle English to modern, as follows: vowel example
i: → a ɪ
tyme /teem(ə)/ → time
u: → ɑʊ
cou /koo/ → cow
e: → i:
/fet/ → feet
o: → u:
goos /gohs/ → goose
ɛ: → i:
deel, dele /del/ → deal
ɔ: → oʊ, əʊ
ston /storn/ → stone
a: → eɪ
/nam(ə)/ → name
The cardinal vowel chart (see cardinal system at the end of the pronunciation chapter) shows the same changes as the table, and indicates the approximate time when the changes took place. Notice that changes generally started at the top and moved down. Essentially, as changes were occurring, vowels had to remain distinct for clarity, which is why they had to make room for each successive change, and they had to be intelligible across two or three generations, which would modulate the process. In England but not America, noticeable short-vowel changes include the pronunciation of the first vowel in clerk, Derby, and Berkshire to rhyme with star. Some vowels didn’t change in all areas. For instance in northern Britain and Canada, the original oo [u] and oh [əʊ] vowel in words like house, down, and about are still pretty much unchanged. In England the or [ɔ] vowel can still be heard in older upper class accents in words like cloth, off, cross, and often.
Early Modern English: 1500-1700 (Elizabethan, Shakespeare, Renaissance)
In 1476, William Caxton (1422-1491) set up the first printing press in Westminster Abbey. By 1640, 20,000 titles had been printed (mostly in London) in English. This pushed English, written and spoken, towards a standard form. The Dictionary was produced, notably Samuel Johnson’s in 1755 (which he did on his own time!).
1650-1800: The Age of Reason (Augustan Age), characterized by a strong sense of order and value of standards and regulations. The language of this time is recognizable today. The ‘Great Vowel Shift’ occurred, along with spelling reform. A strong central government used English as the national language for all purposes, despite the revival of the classics.
Latin and Greek were the most important sources of new words, followed by French, Italian, and Spanish. Most Latin and Greek introductions were deliberate attempts by 16th and early 17th century writers to enrich the language, to elevate ‘low’ English. Words also came in from 50 other languages, largely due to the expansion of the British Empire.
19th Century English: 1700-1900 (No change – just expansions)
Grammar was standardised, continuing a standardising trend. The Industrial Revolution and the Victorian Age. Words began to come to England from the colonies, especially America. English dialect terms became Standard English.
American English
The first settled English colony was in Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 – contemporaries of William Shakespeare (1564-1616), Francis Bacon (1561-1626), Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) and John Donne (1572-1631). By the 18th century, American was recognized as distinct from British English. The earliest sign is perhaps the absorption of Indian words, almost exclusively from the Algonquian speaking tribes. American also borrowed many words from Africans brought in with the slave trade, and European immigrants, but they tended to be regional: African in the South, French in Louisiana, Spanish in the Southwest, German in Pennsylvania, and Dutch in New York, with Spanish being the most pervasive. Yiddish has contributed differently to both American and British.
Many words and pronunciations died out in England but survive in American. Words adopted new meanings in the new world. Great changes were wrought in 20th century American, with global economic, political, and technological prominence.
The main differences between American and British are vocabulary and pronunciation. There are slighter differences in spelling, pitch and stress. This is borne out in this (not exhaustive) dictionary, where about 60% of the differences are nouns (vocabulary) and 20% are spelling differences. Interestingly, although American is more tolerant of neologisms, written American tends to be stricter in grammar and syntax.
Modern English: 1900-2000
Science and technology, the entertainment industry, the world wars, and the car, have all contributed to the English lexicon. Formations – self-explaining compounds, Greek and Latin compounds, borrowings from other languages, deliberate coinages, extending meaning of current words, slang, and acronyms – are used ever more frequently.
http://www.peak.org/~jeremy/dictionary/chapters/history.php
http://www.electricscotland.com/history/peebles/chap9.htm
Brief History of English
Where did English come from? The Germanic language of the Angulseaxans (Anglo-Saxons), who began arriving in the British Isles in the middle of the 5th century AD, developed independently of the original continental Ealdseaxe (Old Saxons), becoming what is called both Anglo-Saxon and Old English. English developed from there, more or less as follows:
450-1100 Anglo-Saxon/Old English
1100-1500 Middle English (Chaucer)
1500-1700 Early Modern (Shakespeare)
1700-1900 19th century (Industrial Revolution & Victorians)
1900-2000 Modern (Technology)
But who were these Saxons? Where did they and their language come from, and whom did they find when they arrived in the British Isles?
Celts
Romans
Germans
Ancient history
When did language start
Brief history of English
Old English
Middle English
Great vowel shift
Early Modern English
19th C English
American English
Modern English
[If some characters aren't ɛɑʃɪlʏʃɛɛn, click here.]
The Venerable Bede, in his Historia Ecclesiastica (written in Latin 735-739 AD) says that there were four peoples (languages) on the island: Picts, Scots, Angles, and Britons. The Scots were Celts who had come from Ireland in the 5th century; the British were the Celts from Manchester; the Angles, a generic term of the time including Angles, Saxons and Jutes, were the Germanic peoples from the continent; and the Picts.
The Celts
The Celtic speaking tribes emerged in central Europe around 3000 years ago. They dominated southern Germany and the northern Alps in the 1st millennium BC, and emerged in southern Europe in the 5th century BC (Spain, Celtiberians). They’re the Gauls in Europe, and the biblical Galatians in Turkey, as well as in Switzerland/northern Italy (Lepontic) and Britain and Ireland.
The Celts were known to the Greeks as Keltoi (barbarians). The first historical account of the Celts by the Romans report how they came out of the Alps (400 BC) and displaced the Etruscans from the fertile Po valley, which eventually led to the decline of the Etruscans (800 BC - 100 AD).
The Celts appeared in Britain and Ireland around 2800 years ago, essentially bringing the iron-age to the British Isles. The Irish Celts spoke Goidelic, the language that became Irish (Gaeilge), Manx (Gailck), and Scottish Gaelic(Gàídhlig) (In the late 400s, Gaelic speakers from County Antrim, Ireland invaded the western district of Argyll, Scotland (then Pictland or Pictavia). They called their new kingdom Dalriada but they were known as 'scots', meaning raiders, by their enemies.)
Goidelic is also called q-Celtic because it retains the ‘kw’ sound of proto-Indo-European (below), which survives today in words such as mac (son, as in McDonald, son of Donald).
At a later time period, there were more migrations of Celts into England, occurring up until (and possibly even a little after) Julius Caesar’s expeditions in 55-54 BC. These Celts spoke Brythonic, which gave rise to Welsh (Cymraeg), Cornish, Cumbric (Cymric) and Breton (when Cornish folk migrated to Britanny in France in the 5th century AD partially because of the bothersome Irish Celts).
Brythonic is also called p-Celtic because the ‘kw’ sound had developed into a ‘p’ (or ‘b’). The Welsh for son is map or mab, the root word of Mabinogion (a well-known collection of ancient Welsh legends including some of King Arthur, although the actual meaning of Mabinogion is unclear, something like ‘tales of youth’, ‘youthful career’, ‘aspirant to bardic honor’).
Since Lepontic (northern Italy) is p-Celtic, as is thought Celtberian, Gaulish, and Galatian, does this mean that Irish (q-Celtic) is the most ancient of Celtic languages, since the p-Celtic diverged from its Indo-European roots?
The Britonnes, so called by the Romans, were one of the many tribes in Britain, and it is this that eventually gives rise to words like (ancient) Briton, British, Britain, and brythonic. Interestingly, the Greeks called the British Isles (300 BC) Pretaninkai nesoi, the p-Celtic stem pretan the same as the q-Celtic Crethan, the Irish name for the Picts.
Tribes typically refer to themselves as the one true people (‘the chosen race’, ‘all men’, ‘the real people’) who live in ‘the homeland’, but are called by their neighbours usually something disparaging, starting with foreigner, and it is these names that more often seem to get passed down, becoming that by which they are known today.
Viking vik /vik/ originally meant fjord or bay, but also has the connotation of landing place, settlement, camp. So vik-ings means people of this camp, or literally townspeople. In Old English, wic means village.
derogatory terms
Celt from the Greek keltoi meaning barbarian.
Welsh, Wales Saxon word wealas, meaning foreigner, for the displaced Celts who became the Welsh.
Cornwall (‘Cornish Welsh’) Cornish foreigners
Goidelic Welsh gwyddel, meaning savages, for the Irish who briefly colonised in the west. (Goidelic is the language family name, see above.)
Scots related to an Old Irish word for raider, making Scotland mean the ‘Land of the Raiders’.
Gauls Latin Gallatae = barbarians.
barbarian Greek for foreigner.
Hebrew derived from a Babylonian word meaning vagrant.
compare
gaijin Japanese term for foreigner
gringo Mexican term for foreigner
Romans
The Romans arrived in Britain in 43 AD and left during the 5th century, completing their withdrawal by 436 AD. They were essentially managers of the land, farmed by the Celts, in return for taxes and protection. (They allowed a small number of Saxons to settle in Britain in those centuries.) They had control of Britain as far as Hadrian’s Wall, north of which lived the insurmountable Picts!?!
Germans
Germanic tribes emerged from southern Scandinavia around 3000 years ago and spread into northern areas of Germany. In the ensuing centuries, they expanded, encountering the Celts (4th c. BC), and Romans (1st c. BC). The eastern tribes were the nomadic Goths, the northern groups are the various Scandinavians (which gave rise to the Scandinavian languages), and the western ones in northern Germany were the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (amongst others). Their languages became German and Dutch, and English began with Angles, Saxons, and Jutes who invaded and settled in Britain in the 5th century AD. (They were initially invited by Celtic King Vortigern to help him fight the Scots and the Picts?!?)
Some Ancient History (Indo-European)
,--Icelandic
|--Faeroese
,-(Phrygian) ,--------------------------------|--Norwegian
| | |--(Norn 18c)
|-(Illyrian) | |--Swedish
| | `--Danish
|-(Messapic) | ,--(Burgundian)
| | ,-----------------------------|--(Vandal)
|-(Thracean) | | `--(Gothic 16c)
| | | ,--Yiddish
|-Balto-Slavic | | ,-high------------------------German
| ,-North-´ | | ,--Afrikaans
|-Germanic-|-East-----´ | ,--|--Dutch
| | ,-German--low--Old Saxon-------´ `--Flemish
|-(Venetic)`West|-Old Frisian--------------------------Frisian
| | ,-Northumbrian-N. dialect-lowland Scots
|-Albanian `-Old English|-Mercian-Midland dialect-Modern English
| |-West Saxon--S. dialect-Dorsetshire dialect
Indo |-Armenian `-Kentish ,--(Cornish 1777)
European| ,--|--Welsh
|-(Anatolian 2000-1700 BC) | |--(Cumbric)
| | `--Breton
|-(Tocharian) ,-- Brythionic (p-Celtic)---------´ ,--(Manx 1974)
| |-- Goidelic (q-Celtic)--------------|--Irish Gaelic
|-Celtic-------|--(Gaulish) `--Scottish Gaelic
| |--(Celtiberian) ,-------Greek
| `--(Galatian 5c AD) | ,-----Romany
|-Greek(Mycenaen)-Classic Greek--Koine(common)-´ | ,--Romanian
| (1400-800 BC) (800-400 BC) (400 BC-500 AD) | |--Italian
|-Indo-Iranian-----------------------------------´ |--French
| (10c BC Sanskrit) |--Catalan
`-Italic--(Latin 6c BC–recentish)-------------------|--Spanish
`--Portuguese
In the same way that Romance languages Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese are obviously related, Germanic languages Dutch and German are related, and the Celtic languages Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and Irish are related, it was discovered that that these language groups are also related, though more distantly. All such related groups are part of the Indo-European language family. As Latin gave rise to the Romance languages, so a proto-Indo-European language is inferred, which gave rise to proto versions of each language group (such as Latin), which then gave rise to most of the languages found today in Europe, Persia, and northern India.
English is a branch of Indo-European, in the Germanic group. The chart shows the Indo-European language family tree, with Celtic and Germanic expanded more than the others. Extinct languages are in parenthesised, with prepended dates indicating when a language became unique, and appended dates the language’s demise, and a range showing both. Indo-European is one of a score of major language families, such as Austronesian, which includes all the southeast Asian languages, and Amerind which includes most of the native American languages. These language families, deduced linguistically, bear a striking correlation with the major ethnic groups, deduced genetically. One popular theory is that all these languages originated from one language, or at least there were a bunch of coexisting ones, but only one mongrel prevailed (in a similar way to people starting). But when was this, and who were these people?
When Did Language Start
It all started with a Big Bang about 13.7 billion years ago (±0.14). After a split second of quark soup, we got radioactive subatomic particle soup which took hundreds of thousands of years of simmering for actual atoms to coalesce. After a few hundred million years, galaxies formed, which promptly started manufacturing stars, and the stars manufactured the chemicals we all know and love, and are made of. Our galaxy formed around that time, about 13 billion years ago, although taking a few billion years to assume its present spiral structure, but our sun formed much later, appearing about 5 billion years ago.
The rightmost scale of the accompanying graph is (almost) linear time. Nothing much was going on in the universe except star formation and aliens going about their usual day-to-day business. The earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago, and after almost another billion years, life finally formed (think wads of bacteria in shallow parts of oceans). After another couple of billion years rolled by, algae formed, and various inexplicable slimy things (Ediacara). Eventually, about half a billion years ago, life as we know it began to proliferate, with lush vegetation and all manner of creepy crawly thingies. Mammals actually appeared about the same time as dinosaurs, but kept well out of the way, until a big meteor nuked all the dinosaurs. The thus-liberated ratty creatures took a mere 5 million years to evolve into primates, but 8 to evolve into real rodents, and 10 for bats. And hominids finally made their appearance, along with grasses, 25 million years ago.
Humans escaped from chimpanzees about 5-7 million years ago, though in modern parlance, we speak of sharing a common ancestor at that time back in the plio-Pleistocene era. The earliest actual Australopithecus fossil dates back to about 5 million years ago, and the earliest Homo erectus fossils date back to perhaps almost 2 million years ago, and evidence of modern humans Homo sapiens date back no earlier than a mere 200,000 years.
Homo erectus (Peking Man, Java Man) survived until 50,000 years ago, and Homo neanderthalensis (Neanderthals) survived until 30,000 years ago. But it was Homo sapiens (us) who survived solely, until mere moments ago.
Three precipitous things occurred with the advent of modern humans: an astonishingly rapid increase in intelligence or sophistication (your mileage may vary), and along with that, culture and language. The evidence for these comes also from three sources: anthropology, DNA testing, and linguistics. Most of the above comes from stones and bones. DNA testing of people of today has allowed scientists to create a family tree, then by measuring the variation, deduce when there was a common ancestor, and also the relationship between the various ethnic groups. For females, the DNA measured is in the mitochondria, small organelles that pass unchanged, apart from random mutations, from mother to daughter. For males, the DNA measured is on the Y chromosome. Mitochondrial Eve appears in Africa about 130,000 years ago, and Y-chromosome Adam about 59,000 years ago.
Similarly, the linguistic measurement traces the variation in related groups of languages back to a supposed common language, and this language with other such-derived languages back to another common language, all the way back to the original language. All three methods, of thus tracing the original humans and their ultimate dispersal around the planet, produce excellently consistent results, but with enough inconclusivity to keep the raging academic fires burning fiercely.
Migrations out of Africa began possibly as late as 50,000 years ago. Although Europe was thus populated about 40,000 years ago, the ice age squoze them out of the main part of Europe until around 16,000 years ago, when they were let back in. Farming was invented around 10,000 years ago the Middle East area, and these folks spread into Europe around 8000 years ago, where they would have encountered the original people (who did all those cool paintings in France), still hunting and gathering. God was invented by this time, just in time to create the creationists, about 6000 years ago on 23rd October 4004 BC.
Some linguists have surmised that language began about 150,000 years ago, and that this language, termed proto-World, diverged as humans spread around the world. So, in this scenario, language appeared with modern humans kind of at around the same time that culture and sophistication suddenly flourished, and culture is seen as a measure of modern consciousness. So the big question is, did consciousness beget language, language beget consciousness, or did they both arise hand in hand?
Which would mean, by the way, that my earlier claim about rhyming slang is patently false, because, Mr Anderson, what good is rhyming if you are unable to speak?
So we’ve populated Europe and Asia with nattering humans, and history begins about 10,000 years ago when farming was invented in the middle east. These folks spread east and west, taking farming with them. In this way it entered Europe about 8000 years ago, and was apparently gradually adopted by the indigenous hunter-gathers in Britain 6000 years ago.
It was previously thought that the Kurgans were the progenitors of Indo-European. They were an agricultural and warlike people from south Russia, as far back as 7000 years ago, spreading to Danube area of Europe and beyond (3500 BC), and arriving in the Adriatic region before 2000 BC. However, the Indo-European proto-language is now thought to have emerged amongst a loose collection of clans in Anatolia (the eastern end of Turkey) 6000 years ago, and from there diffusing many directions, including around the Caspian and Black Seas and in to Europe. Over time it diverged to become most of the European languages of today, such as the Celtic, Italic, and Germanic languages.
Picts
Legend has it that Morgaine, King Arthur’s lover and petite half-sister, was part Pictish, which explained her mysterious ways, psychic abilities, and small dark complexion.
Little is known of the Picts whose language died out in the 10th century, almost without trace, as the people merged with the Scots. Bede says that they were originally Scythians (north of the Black Sea, or Scandanavians?) who sailed to Ireland, picked up wives, and continued to the then fertile shores of Scotland in some remote time.
In the early 1950s, F. T. Wainwright collected everything known about them in The Problem of the Picts. The only criticism was that the problem in the title was singular. Many historians said the Picts shouldn’t exist, but were thwarted by sparse but persistent evidence. A mystique continues, despite a recent survey, The Age of the Picts by W. A. Cummins, which provides all answers presently knowable.
Brief History of English
Old English 450-1100 (Germanic)
So the Saxons arrived in 449 AD. As it happens, they were invited to help the various and sundry British tribes defend themselves, now that the Romans were gone, against the ever pillaging Picts, who kept dashing over Hadrian’s wall and rushing back again with their loot and booty, occasionally assisted by the Scots from Ireland. Although, it took no time for the Saxons to side with the Picts, chase the British tribes off to the extremities, and use the land for themselves.
The Celts were eventually pushed back to Wales in the west, and Cornwall in the southwest. In the 5th centuary, some Irish invaded southwestern Scotland, and in the 6th century a large group from South Wales and Cornwall emigrated to Brittany in northern France, where they still speak Breton. This is the Britain as described by Bede.
Today, Scottish Gaelic is spoken in Scotland, Irish Gaelic is spoken in Ireland, and Welsh is spoken in Wales. Manx (Irish Gaelic influenced by Norse) was spoken in the Isle of Man until the middle part of this century (last native speaker was Ned Maddrell who died on 12th December 1974). Cornish was spoken in Cornwall until (inscription on gravestone): "Here lies interred Dorothy Pentreath who died in 1777 said to have been the last person who conversed in the Ancient Cornish the peculiar language of this county from the earliest records till it expired in the eighteenth century in this parish of Saint Paul".
As a result, Old English is predominantly Anglo-Saxon, with very few Celtic words adopted into the language (about a dozen p-Celtic and three or so q-Celtic words).
Old English also borrowed from church Latin (~450 words) and from Old Norse (~50 words). 7th century Christian missions to Britain brought learning and literacy, initially entirely in Latin, but an Old English written language did emerge in the northeast and in the West Saxon kingdom of Alfred the Great in the second half of the 9th century.
The first known written English sentence, "This she-wolf is a reward to my kinsman," is an Anglo-Saxon runic inscription on a gold medallion (about the size of a 50¢ piece) found in Suffolk, dated about AD 450-480.
By 750 AD Old English had evolved into a distinct language separate from the original speech of the Angles and Saxons. Of the 1000 most frequently used words today 83% are of Old English origin. Of our remaining vocabulary about 30% are Anglo-Saxon survivals. Tens of thousands of our current words are of French and Latin origin.
From the 8th to the 11th centuries, Vikings plundered lands adjacent to the Baltic and North Seas, including northeast England. The Danish King Cnut conquered Norway and England, usurping the English throne, in the early 11th century. Large numbers of Scandinavians settled in England throughout the Old English period, giving the language several thousand common words.
As well as most alphabetic characters we use today, Old English included ash æ /a/, thorn þ /th/, eth ð /dh/, and (Runic) wynn w /w/. The þ and ð are still present in Icelandic, and the æ in Danish and Norwegian.
Middle English: 1100-1500 (Germanic + Romance)
With his invading Normans in 1066, William the Conqueror established French domination. They were originally Danes (‘Northmen’) who had settled the northern coast of France (Normandy) in the 8th and 9th centuries.
All Old English nobility were wiped out. Norman French became the language of the aristocracy and the government (Normanized Latin was used in government, church and learning), and English remained the speech of the masses. So until about 1200 England was bilingual, when many French words were absorbed into English. (English: ox, sheep, swine, calf, and deer. French: beef, mutton, pork, veal, and venison.)
By the mid-1300s, English had reasserted itself, with a statute enacted in Parliament in 1362 that all lawsuits be conducted in English. French became a cultivated rather than a native language. The Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) meant French was the language of the enemy. The Black Death (1349-50), which killed off 30% of the people, increased the economic importance of the labouring classes and with it the importance of their language (not to mention their immune systems).
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400): Chaucer’s English (the variety or dialect spoken in London) established itself as the standard. However, from 1250 to 1400, English adopted the greatest number of French words (40%), and of the nearly 10,000, 75% are still in use.
It also changed in fundamental ways, especially in pronunciation and grammar (becoming simpler), from highly inflected (Germanic) to very analytical (modern). Some dialects retain some of the early pronunciations for a few words (/doon/ for down in northern England and Scotland).
The Great Vowel Shift
Think of how we say our five vowels (ay, ee, ai, oh, (y)oo) and how we pronounce them phonetically (as in bad, bed, bid, bod, bud). This is an echo of the shift in pronunciation of vowels from (Old and) Middle English to more or less what we use now, and it occurred in various stages mainly during the 13th to the 17th centuries. Linguists refer to this change as The Great Vowel Shift. Spelling of (Old and) Middle English was very phonetic, and was effectively standardised with the advent of printing (William Caxton 1475). But after the shift, spelling was no longer consonant with pronunciation, a situation which continues, and exasperates English learners.
Most of the vowels (apparently, 18 out of 20) changed, some completely, and others just when in relation to certain consonants (/english/ → /inglish/). The long vowels changed from Middle English to modern, as follows: vowel example
i: → a ɪ
tyme /teem(ə)/ → time
u: → ɑʊ
cou /koo/ → cow
e: → i:
/fet/ → feet
o: → u:
goos /gohs/ → goose
ɛ: → i:
deel, dele /del/ → deal
ɔ: → oʊ, əʊ
ston /storn/ → stone
a: → eɪ
/nam(ə)/ → name
The cardinal vowel chart (see cardinal system at the end of the pronunciation chapter) shows the same changes as the table, and indicates the approximate time when the changes took place. Notice that changes generally started at the top and moved down. Essentially, as changes were occurring, vowels had to remain distinct for clarity, which is why they had to make room for each successive change, and they had to be intelligible across two or three generations, which would modulate the process. In England but not America, noticeable short-vowel changes include the pronunciation of the first vowel in clerk, Derby, and Berkshire to rhyme with star. Some vowels didn’t change in all areas. For instance in northern Britain and Canada, the original oo [u] and oh [əʊ] vowel in words like house, down, and about are still pretty much unchanged. In England the or [ɔ] vowel can still be heard in older upper class accents in words like cloth, off, cross, and often.
Early Modern English: 1500-1700 (Elizabethan, Shakespeare, Renaissance)
In 1476, William Caxton (1422-1491) set up the first printing press in Westminster Abbey. By 1640, 20,000 titles had been printed (mostly in London) in English. This pushed English, written and spoken, towards a standard form. The Dictionary was produced, notably Samuel Johnson’s in 1755 (which he did on his own time!).
1650-1800: The Age of Reason (Augustan Age), characterized by a strong sense of order and value of standards and regulations. The language of this time is recognizable today. The ‘Great Vowel Shift’ occurred, along with spelling reform. A strong central government used English as the national language for all purposes, despite the revival of the classics.
Latin and Greek were the most important sources of new words, followed by French, Italian, and Spanish. Most Latin and Greek introductions were deliberate attempts by 16th and early 17th century writers to enrich the language, to elevate ‘low’ English. Words also came in from 50 other languages, largely due to the expansion of the British Empire.
19th Century English: 1700-1900 (No change – just expansions)
Grammar was standardised, continuing a standardising trend. The Industrial Revolution and the Victorian Age. Words began to come to England from the colonies, especially America. English dialect terms became Standard English.
American English
The first settled English colony was in Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 – contemporaries of William Shakespeare (1564-1616), Francis Bacon (1561-1626), Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) and John Donne (1572-1631). By the 18th century, American was recognized as distinct from British English. The earliest sign is perhaps the absorption of Indian words, almost exclusively from the Algonquian speaking tribes. American also borrowed many words from Africans brought in with the slave trade, and European immigrants, but they tended to be regional: African in the South, French in Louisiana, Spanish in the Southwest, German in Pennsylvania, and Dutch in New York, with Spanish being the most pervasive. Yiddish has contributed differently to both American and British.
Many words and pronunciations died out in England but survive in American. Words adopted new meanings in the new world. Great changes were wrought in 20th century American, with global economic, political, and technological prominence.
The main differences between American and British are vocabulary and pronunciation. There are slighter differences in spelling, pitch and stress. This is borne out in this (not exhaustive) dictionary, where about 60% of the differences are nouns (vocabulary) and 20% are spelling differences. Interestingly, although American is more tolerant of neologisms, written American tends to be stricter in grammar and syntax.
Modern English: 1900-2000
Science and technology, the entertainment industry, the world wars, and the car, have all contributed to the English lexicon. Formations – self-explaining compounds, Greek and Latin compounds, borrowings from other languages, deliberate coinages, extending meaning of current words, slang, and acronyms – are used ever more frequently.